MIMO	multi-input multi-output
LEO	low earth orbit
UPA	uniform planar array
EE	energy efficiency
SDP	semidefinite programming
CCCP	concave convex process
MM	majorization-minimization
AltOpt	alternative optimization
SE	spectrum efficiency
CSI	channel state information
GEO	geosynchronous earth orbit
QoS	quality of service
BFP	Boolean fractional programming
QCQP	quadratic constraint quadratic programming
DC	difference of convex
FEC	forward error correction
SINR	signal to interference plus noise ratio
SNR	signal-to-noise ratio
CRLB	Cramer–Rao lower bound
EVD	eigenvalue decomposition
GRA	Gaussian randomization algorithm
PE-Altmin	alternating minimization algorithm based on the phase extraction
OMP	orthogonal matching pursuit
OFDMA	orthogonal frequency division multiple access
WMMSE	weighted minimum mean-square error