TABLE 2.
Contemporary Guidelines for Treatment of Hypertension, Obesity, and Diabetes
| Screening of Targets Differs by Sex or Gender | Sex Specific | |
|---|---|---|
|
| ||
| Hypertension: | ||
| • Primary change in the hypertension guidelines (AHA/ACC) is a lower threshold for pharmacotherapy at a blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg | ||
| • Not included in the ADA or European guidance | ||
| • Sex and gender not addressed | ||
| “Systematic Review for the 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines”53 | No | Pregnancy Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy |
| “2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines”54 | No | Pregnancy Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy |
| “International Society of Hypertension Global Hypertension Practice Guidelines”55 | No | Pregnancy Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy |
| “ACC/AHA Versus ESC/ESH on Hypertension Guidelines: JACC Guideline Comparison”56 | No | Pregnancy Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy |
| “Hypertension Canada’s 2020 Comprehensive Guidelines for the Prevention, Diagnosis, Risk Assessment, and Treatment of Hypertension in Adults and Children”57 | No | Management of hypertension in women planning pregnancy |
| “2014 Evidence-Based Guideline for the Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: Report From the Panel Members Appointed to the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8)”58 | No | Pregnancy Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy |
| “Estimating the Association of the 2017 and 2014 Hypertension Guidelines With Cardiovascular Events and Deaths in US Adults: An Analysis of National Data”59 | No | Pregnancy Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy |
| Obesity: | ||
| • Increased number of effective medications (focus on GLP-1 receptor ligands) | ||
| • Sex and gender not addressed | ||
| “American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology Comprehensive Clinical Practice Guidelines for Medical Care of Patients With Obesity”60 | No | Different calorie goals Preconception Pregnancy Lactation |
| “AHA/ACC/TOS Guideline for the Management of Overweight and Obesity in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society”61 | No | Different calorie goals Preconception Pregnancy Lactation |
| “Obesity in Adults: A Clinical Practice Guideline”29 | No | Different calorie goals Preconception Pregnancy Lactation |
| “Pediatric Obesity–Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline”34 | No | Preconception Pregnancy Lactation |
| “Pharmacological Management of Obesity: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline”62 | No | Different calorie goals Preconception Pregnancy Lactation goals |
| Diabetes: | ||
| •Incorporation of cardiovascular outcomes trials with GLP-1 and SGLT-2 inhibitor into glucose-lowering therapy | ||
| • ADA/ACC/AHA and ESC guidance concordance is strong | ||
| • Sex and gender not addressed | ||
| “Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2021”63 | No | No |
| “Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2021”64 | No | Preconception Pregnancy Lactation |
| “Obesity Management for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2021”65 | No | Preconception Pregnancy Lactation |
| “Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on Novel Therapies for Cardiovascular Risk Reduction in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee”66 | No | No |
AAPA = American Academy of Physician Assistants; ABC = Association of Black Cardiologists; ACC = American College of Cardiology; ACPM = American College of Preventive Medicine; ADA = American Diabetes Association; AGS = American Geriatrics Society; AHA = American Heart Association; APhA = American Pharmacists Association; ASH = American Society of Hypertension; ASPC = American Society for Preventive Cardiology; ESC = European Society of Cardiology; ESH = European Society of Hypertension; GLP-1 = glucagon-like peptide-1; NMA = National Medical Association; PCNA = Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association; SGLT-2 = sodium-glucose cotransporter-2; TOS = The Obesity Society.