| N | nitrogen |
| P | phosphorus |
| K | potassium |
| VOCs | volatile organic compounds |
| MPI | maize proteinase inhibitor |
| PAL | phenylalanine ammonia-lyase |
| BX9 | glucosyltransferase |
| LOX | lipoxygenase |
| AOS | allene oxide synthase |
| UBQ | ubiquitin |
| ABA | abscisic acid |
| SA | salicylic acid |
| JA | jasmonic acid |
| MeJA | methyl jasmonate |
| MeSA | methyl salicylate |
| TCA | tricarboxylic acid |
| RGR | relative growth rate |
| DIMBOA | 2, 4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one |
| GC-MS | gas chromatography-mass spectrometer |
| PBS | phosphate buffered saline |
| GLM | generalized linear models |
| ANOVA | analysis of variance |
| PCA | principal components analysis |