Table 1.
CD57 expressed on diverse CD8+ T cell subsets in acute COVID-19 and convalescent COVID-19 individuals. The quantitative data (% of CD57-expressing cells within CD8+ T cell subset) are presented as median and quartile ranges (Med (Q25; Q75).
| Acute COVID-19 (COV, n = 71) |
Convalescent COVID-19 (CON, n = 51) | Healthy Control (HC, n = 46) |
Significant Differences |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ‘naïve’ CD8+ T cells | 8.00 (2.07; 13.68) | 3.41 (1.32; 7.07) | 1.05 (0.43; 1.82) |
p1 = 0.005 p2 < 0.001 p3 < 0.001 |
| CM CD8+ T cells | 12.72 (7.21; 26.31) | 10.51 (5.99; 14.89) | 2.86 (1.32; 5.41) |
p1 = 0.058 p2 < 0.001 p3 < 0.001 |
| EM CD8+ T cells | 49.47 (29.30; 62.15) | 39.14 (29.74; 53.68) | 32.35 (13.42; 43.84) |
p1 = 0.061 p2 < 0.001 p3 = 0.017 |
| EM1 CD8+ T cells | 7.18 (4.62; 11.17) | 7.10 (4.06; 10.69) | 5.27 (3.58; 7.01) |
p1 = 0.678 p2 = 0.009 p3 = 0.053 |
| EM2 CD8+ T cells | 37.83 (29.93; 51.46) | 42.27 (32.59; 50.00) | 33.90 (21.13; 49.50) |
p1 = 0.408 p2 = 0.299 p3 = 0.115 |
| EM3 CD8+ T cells | 85.49 (73.98; 90.30) | 84.27 (76.15; 89.79) | 81.67 (66.20; 90.40) |
p1 = 0.821 p2 = 0.130 p3 = 0.251 |
| EM4 CD8+ T cells | 11.42 (5.27; 22.74) | 10.25 (6.21; 16.49) | 5.33 (1.93; 12.29) |
p1 = 0.217 p2 < 0.000 p3 = 0.005 |
| TEMRA CD8+ T cells | 61.70 (42.22; 72.79) | 65.03 (51.85; 73.08) | 59.49 (46.32; 67.91) |
p1 = 0.398 p2 = 0.393 p3 = 0.103 |
| pE1 CD8+ T cells | 10.35 (4.58; 19.06) | 18.65 (9.10; 23.81) | 2.51 (1.36; 4.85) |
p1 = 0.027 p2 < 0.001 p3 < 0.001 |
| pE2 CD8+ T cells | 37.67 (23.79; 48.89) | 33.33 (23.08; 48.01) | 33.83 (23.61; 43.85) |
p1 = 0.577 p2 = 0.438 p3 = 0.977 |
| Eff CD8+ T cells | 70.51 (59.22; 81.87) | 77.06 (66.67; 87.07) | 76.56 (69.55; 85.47) |
p1 = 0.031 p2 = 0.044 p3 = 0.891 |
p1—statistical differences between acute COVID-19 and COVID-19 convalescent patient groups assessed by using nonparametric Mann–Whitney U test; p2—statistical differences between acute COVID-19 and healthy control groups assessed by using nonparametric Mann–Whitney U tests; p3—statistical differences between COVID-19 convalescent patient and healthy control groups assessed by using nonparametric Mann-Whitney U tests.