Figure 1.

ELDERGUT trial design and baseline nutrition data: (A) Timeline of interventions and sampling during the 9-week study period, depicting the baseline, the intervention and the washout phase of the study. During the study, biological samples including urine, faeces, and saliva were collected once a week, blood samples were drawn once per study phase (i.e., in weeks 1, 6 and 9). Questionnaires on well-being and gastrointestinal symptoms were completed by the participants during weekly visits. (B) Overview of the inclusion and screening strategy. (C) Data from questionnaires at baseline, indicating nutritional patterns within the cohort as well as gender-associated differences in food intake.