Table 1.

Descriptive statistics. Continuous data are reported as the median (I, III quartiles); categorical data are reported as a percentage and absolute frequencies. Wilcoxon-type tests were performed for continuous variables, and the Pearson chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test were conducted for categorical variables, wherever appropriate.

Variable	N	Probiotic Group	Placebo Group	Overall	p Value
	-	(N = 30)	(N = 31)	(N = 61)
Age	61	40.2/49.5/71.5	37.5/47.0/58.0	39.0/48.0/65.0	0.44
Gender: 0	61	20% (6)	16% (5)	18% (11)	0.694
1	-	80% (24)	84% (26)	82% (50)
Childbirth: 0	61	70% (21)	74% (23)	72% (44)	0.715
1	-	30% (9)	26% (8)	28% (17)
Breastfeeding: 0	60	40% (12)	70% (21)	55% (33)	0.063
1	-	23% (7)	10% (3)	17% (10)
2	-	37% (11)	20% (6)	28% (17)
Intolerances: 0	61	90% (27)	87% (27)	89% (54)	0.722
1	-	10% (3)	13% (4)	11% (7)
Rehabilitation. therapy: 0	61	10% (3)	6% (2)	8% (5)	0.614
1	-	90% (27)	94% (29)	92% (56)
Ages. Diagnosis	60	30.2/37.0/50.5 41.0+/−15.9	30.2/37.5/48.8 40.4+/−12.5	30.0/37.5/49.2 40.7+/−14.2	0.942
Karyotype: 1	7	100% (5)	100% (2)	100% (7)
0	-	0% (0)	0% (0)	0% (0)
X. fragile: 0	39	100% (17)	95% (21)	97% (38)	0.373
1	-	0% (0)	5% (1)	3% (1)
CGH. array: 0	45	90% (19)	79% (19)	84% (38)	0.296
1	-	10% (2)	21% (5)	16% (7)
Epilessia: 0	55	96% (25)	100% (29)	98% (54)	0.286
1	-	4% (1)	0% (0)	2% (1)
MRI: 0	45	12% (3)	24% (5)	18% (8)	0.322
1	-	88% (21)	76% (16)	82% (37)
AA.plasmatic.acids.organic.urinary: 0	48	5% (1)	12% (3)	8% (4)	0.382
1	-	95% (21)	88% (23)	92% (44)
Verbal: 0	61	53% (16)	52% (16)	52% (32)	0.893
1	-	47% (14)	48% (15)	48% (29)
Other diagnosis in. brothers sisters: 0	60	80% (24)	83% (25)	82% (49)	0.739
1	-	20% (6)	17% (5)	18% (11)
Pharmacological therapy: 0	61	90% (27)	97% (30)	93% (57)	0.285
1	-	10% (3)	3% (1)	7% (4)