Figure 8.

Activity of efflux pumps on conidia and biofilm-forming cells of F. pedrosoi and P. verrucosa. (A) Conidial cells and 72 h-old-biofilm (1 × 10⁷/mL, initial inoculums) were first incubated with rhodamine 6G (R6G, 10 µM) and then with glucose 2% in order to evaluate the glucose-induced efflux of R6G. (B) Conidia and (C) mature biofilm pretreated for 1 h with MICs of itraconazole or with phenylalanine-arginine beta-naphthylamide (PAβN, 64 µg/mL), before the addition of R6G and glucose. (D) Susceptibility assay of biofilm-forming cells treated for 48 h with itraconazole in the absence or the presence of PAβN determined with CLSI [56]. Data were expressed as fluorescence arbitrary unit (FAU) after a fluorimeter reading (excitation, 529 nm; emission, 553 nm). Symbol (*) represents p values ≤ 0.05 compared with control.