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. 2022 Sep 23:10.2217/cer-2022-0069. doi: 10.2217/cer-2022-0069

Table 3. Multivariate model for vaccine effectiveness at preventing cases of COVID-19.

Covariates Odds of having a COVID-19-positive test
Odds of having a COVID-19-positive test with >= 1 moderate/severe symptom)
  Adjusted OR (95% CI) Adjusted OR (95% CI)
Vaccination status    
  Unvaccinated (ref) (ref)
  Fully or partially vaccinated 0.05 (0.04, 0.06) 0.29 (0.20, 0.40)
Anxiety 1.27 (0.96, 1.69) 1.46 (0.97, 2.21)
Autoimmune disorder 1.22 (0.86, 1.74) 1.15 (0.72, 1.85)
Blood disorder 3.01 (1.56, 5.83) 2.60 (1.28, 5.28)
Cardiovascular disorder 0.89 (0.53, 1.50) 1.47 (0.76, 2.81)
Depression 1.00 (0.74, 1.33) 1.07 (0.71, 1.61)
Diabetes 1.23 (0.81, 1.86) 0.87 (0.48, 1.58)
Hypertension 0.89 (0.66, 1.20) 0.85 (0.55, 1.32)
Insomnia or trouble sleeping 1.09 (0.84, 1.42) 1.57 (1.09, 2.25)
Kidney Disorder 1.19 (0.60, 2.36) 0.95 (0.38, 2.42)
Lung Disorder 0.55 (0.37, 0.81) 0.90 (0.54, 1.52)
Education    
  Some college or less (ref) (ref)
  4-year college degree 0.73 (0.55, 0.97) 0.71 (0.46, 1.08)
  >4-year college degree 0.97 (0.74, 1.27) 0.68 (0.45, 1.02)
Race    
  Other (ref) (ref)
  White 2.33 (1.64, 3.32) 1.09 (0.65, 1.82)
Age (per 1 year increment) 1.00 (0.99, 1.01) 1.01 (0.99, 1.02)
Gender    
  Female (ref) (ref)
  Male 1.50 (1.10, 2.06) 1.26 (0.79, 2.01)
  Other 1.35 (0.63, 2.91) 1.29 (0.48, 3.47)
Ethnicity (Hispanic Latino vs not)    
  Not Hispanic (ref) (ref)
  Hispanic 0.99 (0.68, 1.46) 0.84 (0.45, 1.54)
Vaccination access (proxy)    
  Early availability, high vaccination rate (ref) (ref)
  Early availability, low vaccination rate 0.87 (0.60, 1.26) 1.24 (0.74, 2.09)
  Late availability, high vaccination rate 0.63 (0.46, 0.86) 0.72 (0.44, 1.16)
  Late availability, low vaccination rate 1.15 (0.83, 1.60) 1.26 (0.79, 2.02)

If a referent category is not listed, then the comparison is yes vs no (referent group).