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. 2022 Aug 24;12(9):778. doi: 10.3390/metabo12090778

Table 2.

Scientific literature mean concentrations of biomolecules with 1H NMR resonances located in or close to the APP (1.96–2.10 ppm) regions of high-resolution spectra of human blood and saliva (Figure 4). a Ranges of mean values obtained from healthy control data were obtained from the Human Metabolome Database [101]. b Total N-acetylneuraminate level, including both APP and low-molecular-mass forms. Abbreviations: n-av, data not available.

Metabolite Blood a Saliva a
‘Free’ N-Acetylneuraminate 0.6–2.0 μmol./L 12.5–41.0 μmol./L
Total N-Acetylneuraminate b 1.25–2.50 mmol./L n-av
‘Free’ N-Acetylglucosamine 108 ± 67 nmol./L n-av
Glutamate 24–177 μmol./L 12–14 μmol./L
Glutamine 390–905 μmol./L 5–42 μmol./L
Proline 111–259 μmol./L 6–158 μmol./L
Hydroxyproline 13–40 μmol./L 0.4–1.5 μmol./L
Lysine 105–441 μmol./L 2–59 μmol./L