Figure 1.

Overview of risk assessment methods for health risk assessment of TRPs. The choice of the method is dependent on the aim. Dashed boxes: the three different aims of the risk assessment methods. The methods that can be used for this aim are in the same column. White boxes: Methods resulting in an assessment for the individual compounds in the emission. Grey boxes: methods resulting in an assessment for the mixture of components. Interaction between components is not considered, except for experimental studies with whole emission. All methods, except experimental studies with whole smoke, are dependent on the available data on emission composition and on hazard for individual components. Black-lined boxes: these methods allow quantification of risk of single components. The arrows between boxes indicate a follow-up of that method; for example, the MoE approach first needs to be applied to identify components of concern before it can be used to compare these components between products. The arrow on the right indicates the complexity and data requirements of the methods.