Table 1.

Types of prebiotics.

Types	Examples	Functions	Reference
Fructans	Inulin FOS	Selective stimulation of LAB	[31,32]
Galactooligosaccharide	Lactose-based GOS Galactose-based GOS Raffinose family Oligosaccharide	Stimulation of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli	[24,27,31]
Starch- and Glucose-derived Oligosaccharides	Resistant starch Polydextrose	Butyrate production Stimulation of Bifidobacteria	[33,34]
Pectin Oligosaccharide			[24,35]
Miscellaneous	Cocoa-derived Polyphenols	Modulation of microbial diversity. Cell membrane integrity	[36]
	Glycoproteins		[37]
	Glycolipids		[37]

Key: FOS—fructo-oligosaccharides, GOS—galactooligosaccharides, POS—pectic oligosaccharides, LAB—lactic acid bacteria.