Table 3.

Prebiotics and their health benefits in various industries.

Health Benefits	Functionality	Prebiotic Type	Industries	Product	Reference
Growth medium for starter culture	Reduction in generation time Reduction of linoleic acid content	Inulin FOS	Dairy	Cheese	[125,126]
GIT improvement	Constipation reduction Colitis prevention GIT microflora improvement	FOS Maltodextrin Mannooligosaccharide Arabinogalactans	Food Pharmaceutical	Infant formula	[1,3,7]
Anticancer and immune potentiator	Carcinogen reduction Primary bile acids to secondary bile acids conversion Promotion of T Helper 1 and regulatory T cells Regulation of IgE-mediated allergic responses	AXOS Epilactose GOS FOS, Pectins	Pharmaceutical	Supplemented diets Antibody Vaccines	[1,130,133]
Cardiovascular disease and obesity reduction	Satiety induction	FOS	Pharmaceutical	Supplements	[1,136]
Vaginal Health	Vagina microbiota restoration	Pectinate	Pharmaceutical	Bioadhesive	[1,138]
Agricultural feed	Mycotoxin reduction Growth enhancement Disease resistance	MNB XOS Inulin	Poultry Animal husbandry	Animal feeds Poultry feeds	[1,4,139]
Antibiotic Production	Inhibition of E. coli	Sorbitol Inulin Raffinose Lactulose	Pharmaceutical	Bacteriocin	[8,9]
Supplementations	Increased nutritional value Induction of LAB growth	AXOS	Dairy Baking	Milk Bread	[143,145]

Key: FOS—fructooligosaccharides, AXOS—arabinoxylanoligosaccharides, GOS—galactooligosaccharides, XOS—xylo-oligosaccharides, MNB—mannobiose, LAB—lactic acid bacteria.