Table 3.

Methods of measuring total antioxidant capacity (TAC).

Technique	Principle	Advantage(s)	Disadvantage(s)	Reference(s)
Thiobarbituric acid assay (TBARS)	MDA-TBA adduct detection using colorimetry or fluoroscopy	Simple but non-specific	Rigorous controls are required	[94,95]
Isoprostane	EIA/liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry	Specificity, stable compound	Labor-intensive and expensive equipment required	[115]
HNE-His Adduct ELISA	ELISA	Rapid, helps in quantification	Chances of cross-reactivity	[117,118,119]

HNE-His: hydroxynonenal histidine, MDA: malondialdehyde, TBA: thiobarbituric acid.