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. 2022 Sep 9;13:950297. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.950297

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Copyright © 2022 Chen, Han, Shi, Yan, Shi, Yang, Gao and Li

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Protocol for ovarian tissue cryopreservation to preserve fertility and restore endocrine function. (A) If the patient is prepubertal or requires immediate chemotherapy with a potential risk of transmitting malignant cells, ovarian tissue slices are removed and long-term cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen by slow freezing or vitrification. (B) After thawing, if there is no risk of transmitting malignant cells, the ovarian tissue can be used for orthotopic transplantation for natural pregnancy and to restore endocrine function, or heterotopic transplantation for further in vitro fertilization or hormone replacement therapy only. (C) If there is a risk of transmitting malignant cells, follicles can be isolated from cryopreserved tissue and embedded in an artificial ovary, then transplanted into orthotopic or heterotopic sites for fertility preservation and endocrine function restoration.