ADME	absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
BBB	blood–brain barrier
BD	Becton Dickinson
CA IX	carbonic anhydrase IX
CADD	computer-aided drug discovery
CoCl2	cobalt chloride
CO2	carbon dioxide
CYP	cytochrome P450
DNA	deoxyribonucleic acid
DMEM	Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium
DMSO	dimethyl sulfoxide
EC50	half-maximal effective concentration
EU	endotoxin unit
FACS	fluorescence-activated cell sorting
FBS	fetal bovine serum
FITC	fluorescein isothiocyanate
FLICA	fluorochrome-labeled inhibitors of caspases
FMK	fluoromethyl ketone
GI	gastrointestinal
GPCR	G protein-coupled receptor
HPLC-UVD	high-performance liquid chromatography and ultra-violet detector
IC50	half-maximal inhibitory concentration
log10	common logarithm (base 10)
PASS	prediction of activity spectra for substances
PBS	phosphate-buffered saline
PDB ID	Protein data bank identifier
PE	phycoerythrin
PI	propidium iodide
QTOF	quadrupole time-of-flight
ROF	rule of five
SD	standard deviation
THM	traditional herbal medicine
TNBC	triple-negative breast cancer