Table 1.

M-SGM parameter values, initial guesses, and bounds for parameter estimation.

Name	Symbol	Initial value 1	Initial value 2	Initial value 3	Lower/upper bound for optimization
Excitatory time constant	τ e	0.012 s	0.018 s	0.006 s	[0.005 s, 0.02 s]
Inhibitory time constant	τ i	0.005 s	0.01 s	0.018 s	[0.005 s, 0.02 s]
Long-range connectivity coupling constant	α	1	0.5	0.1	[0.1, 1]
Transmission velocity	υ	5 m/s	10 m/s	18 m/s	[5 m/s, 20 m/s]
Alternating population gain	g ei	4	2	1	[0.5, 5]
Inhibitory gain	g ii	1	2	4	[0.5, 5]
Graph time constant	τ G	0.006 s	0.01 s	0.018 s	[0.005 s, 0.02 s]
Excitatory gain	g ee	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a