Table 4.
Summary of antiviral nucleoside analogs as substrates and modulators of human nucleoside transporters
| Transporter (Km (mM)) | CNT1 | CNT2 | CNT3 | ENT1 | ENT2 | ENT3 | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||
| Gene | SLC28A1 | SLC28A2 | SLC28A3 | SLC29A1 | SLC29A2 | SLC29A3 | |
|
| |||||||
| Remdesivir | - | - | - | sub | sub | - | [145] |
| inh | inh | ||||||
|
| |||||||
| GS-441524 | nsub | nsub | sub | sub | sub | - | [146] |
|
| |||||||
| Didanosine | - | sub | sub | sub (2.3-3.0) | sub (3.5) | sub | [5,142,147,148] |
|
| |||||||
| Ganciclovir | - | - | nsub | - | - | sub | [142,147] |
|
| |||||||
| Entecavir | - | sub (0.05-1.5) | sub (0.02-0.1) | sub | sub[136] | - | [135,136] |
|
| |||||||
| Ribavirin | - | sub (0.02) | sub (0.01) | sub (0.16 – 3.5) | sub (4) | sub | [6,149] |
|
| |||||||
| Abacavir | - | - | - | sub | - | - | [150] |
|
| |||||||
| Zalcitabine | nsub | - | sub | sub | sub (>7.5) | sub | [142,147,148,151] |
|
| |||||||
| Lamivudine | nsub | - | - | - | - | sub | [6,151] |
|
| |||||||
| Molnupiravir | sub | - | - | nsub | nsub | - | [144,145] |
|
| |||||||
| EIDD-1931 | sub | sub | sub | sub | sub | - | [144,145] |
| inh | inh | ||||||
|
| |||||||
| Zidovudine | sub (1) | - | sub | nsub | sub | sub | [21,22,40,129,152–154] |
| inh | ind | ||||||
|
| |||||||
| Stavudine | sub (15) | - | sub | - | - | sub | [6,151] |
|
| |||||||
| Trifluridine | sub | - | - | sub | sub | - | [155] |
Abbreviation: nsub: not a substrate; sub: substrate; ninh: not an inhibitor; inh: inhibitor; ind: inducer; -: no information reported; Km (mM) value reported is labeled in bracket.