Table 2.
Cryptosporidium PCR-based herd and individual animal prevalences with 95% confidence intervals and odds ratios
| Factor | Prevalence, % | 95% CI | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 1 day–3 mo. | 43·0a (150/349) | 37·9–48·2 | 2·41 (1·7–3·2) |
| >3 mo.–1 yr | 30·1b (62/206) | 34·1–36·6 | ||
| >1 yr–2 yr | 25·9b (22/85) | 17·4–35·9 | ||
| >2 yr | 15·8b (26/164) | 10·9–22·1 | ||
| Species | Cattle | 31·2a (185/593) | 27·6–35·0 | |
| Buffalo | 35·5a (75/211) | 29·3–42·2 | ||
| Sex | Male | 35·9a (118/329) | 30·8–41·2 | |
| Female | 29·9a (142/475) | 25·9–34·1 | ||
| District | El-Tal El Kabier | 25·3a,b,d (63/249) | 20·2–31·0 | |
| Ismailia | 34·8a (56/161) | 27·7–42·4 | ||
| Abo swair | 40·4c (46/114) | 31·6–49·6 | 2·02 (1·2–3·2) | |
| West Kantara | 38·6a (39/101) | 29·5–48·4 | ||
| Kassasin | 29·1a (23/79) | 19·9–39·8 | ||
| Fayed | 23·7a (14/59) | 14·2–35·8 | ||
| East Kantara | 46·3a,e (19/41) | 31·6–61·6 | 2·43 (1·3–4·7) | |
| Type of ground | Muddy | 32·9a (211/642) | 29·3–36·5 | |
| Sandy | 30·2a (49/162) | 23·6–37·7 | ||
| Water source | Canal, underground | 49·8a (342/687) | 43·7–55·9 | 1·64 (1·1–2·6) |
| Tap | 34·2b (40/117) | 26·02–43·1 | ||
| Sample description | Watery, pasty | 38·1a (207/544) | 15·8–25·6 | 2·45 (1·7–3·4) |
| Normal, mucoid | 20·4b (53/260) | 15·8–25·6 | ||
| Clinical manifestations | Fever, dehydration | 46·7a (43/92) | 36·7–56·9 | 1·96 (1·2–2·9) |
| Emaciation, no acute signs | 30·6b (217/709) | 27·3–34·1 |
OR, Odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
Different superscripts (a,b,c,d) within a factor category indicate significant prevalence differences at P< 0·05.
The prevalence of Cryptosporidium on average in the 1 day–3 mo. age group was 2·4 times greater than in the other age groups.
The prevalence of Cryptosporidium on average in Abo swair was 2·0 times greater than in the other districts.
The prevalence of Cryptosporidium on average in East Kantara was 2·4 times greater than in the other districts.
The prevalence of Cryptosporidium on average was 1·6 times greater in animals watered with canal/underground water than in those receiving tap water.
The prevalence of Cryptosporidium on average was 2·4 times greater in animals with watery, pasty faeces than in those with normal, mucoid faeces.
The prevalence of Cryptosporidium on average was 1·9 times greater in animals with fever, dehydration than in those with emaciation but no acute signs.