Table 1.
Carbapenemase production and its association with antibiotic resistance in UPEC.
| Category | Antibiotics | Carbapenem-positive 48 no. (%) | Carbapenem-negative 10 no. (%) | Unknown-carbapenem 18 no. (%) | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resistant | Susceptible | Resistant | Susceptible | Resistant | Susceptible | |||
| Carbapenem | IPM | 14 (29) | 34 (71) | 2 (20) | 8 (80) | 6 (33) | 12 (67) | 0.756 |
| Cephalosporin | CTX | 34 (71) | 14 (29) | 2 (20) | 8 (80) | 15 (84) | 3 (16) | 0.002 |
| CRO | 32 (66) | 16 (44) | 2 (20) | 8 (80) | 16 (89) | 2 (11) | 0.001 | |
|
| ||||||||
| Aminoglycosides | AN | 9 (19) | 39 (81) | 0 | 10 (100) | 3 (16) | 15 (84) | 0.394 |
| GM | 15 (31) | 33 (69) | 0 | 10 (100) | 7 (38) | 11 (62) | 0.080 | |
|
| ||||||||
| Sulfonamides | SXT | 39 (81) | 9 (19) | 6 (60) | 4 (40) | 16 (89) | 2 (11) | 0.177 |
| Quinolones | CP | 32 (66) | 16 (44) | 2 (20) | 8 (80) | 14 (77) | 4 (23) | 0.007 |
| NA | 41 (85) | 7 (15) | 6 (60) | 4 (40) | 15 (84) | 3 (16) | 0.165 | |
|
| ||||||||
| Nitrofurans | FM | 9 (19) | 39 (81) | 2 (20) | 8 (80) | 3 (16) | 15 (84) | 0.972 |
| Genes | Genes | Positive | Negative | Positive | Negative | Positive | Negative | |
| bla NDM | 8 (16) | 40 (84) | 1 (10) | 9 (90) | 2 (11) | 16 (89) | 0.774 | |
| bla KPC | 0 | 48 (100) | 0 | 10 (100) | 0 | 18 (100) | 0 | |
| bla oxa-48 | 2 (4) | 46 (96) | 0 | 10 (100) | 0 | 18 (100) | 0.549 | |
| bla oxa-23 | 1 (2) | 47 (98) | 0 | 10 (100) | 1 (5.5) | 17 (94.5) | 0.629 | |
| bla IPM | 1 (2) | 47 (98) | 0 | 10 (100) | 0 | 18 (100) | 0.744 | |
| bla VIM | 1 (2) | 47 (98) | 0 | 10 (100) | 0 | 18 (100) | 0744 | |
AN: Amikacin; IPM: Imipenem; FM: Nitrofurantoin; SXT: Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole; CTX: Cefotaxime; GM: Gentamicin; CRO: Ceftriaxone; CP: Ciprofloxacin; and NA: Nalidixic acid.