Table 1.
Comparison of sociodemographic, life habits and clinical characteristics between immunodeficiency-related and -unrelated deaths in a cohort of 2372 PLWH, 2007–2012
| Variables | Immunodeficiency- related deaths n (%) | Immunodeficiency- unrelated deaths n (%) | Survivors n (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline characteristics | ||||
| Sex | 0·013 | |||
| Female | 72 (31·0) | 23 (27·7) | 795 (38·6) | |
| Male | 160 (69·0) | 60 (72·3) | 1262 (61·3) | |
| Age group, years | 0·000 | |||
| 17–39 | 140 (60·3) | 27 (32·5) | 1080 (52·5) | |
| ⩾40 | 92 (39·7) | 56 (67·5) | 977 (47·5) | |
| Social support | 0·623 | |||
| Lives with family or partner | 188 (81·0) | 64 (77·1) | 1667 (81·4) | |
| Lives alone. in a shelter or on the streets | 44 (19·0) | 19 (22·9) | 382 (18·6) | |
| Literacy | 0·014 | |||
| Yes | 190 (82·6) | 72 (86·7) | 1822 (89·0) | |
| No | 40 (17·4) | 11 (13·3) | 244 (10·9) | |
| In work | 0·000 | |||
| Yes | 29 (12·9) | 17 (20·7) | 526 (25·9) | |
| No | 196 (87·1) | 65 (79·3) | 1507 (74·1) | |
| Monthly individual income | 0·058 | |||
| ⩾1 minimum salary | 104 (45·6) | 44 (54·3) | 1088 (53·9) | |
| <1 minimum salary | 124 (54·4) | 37 (45·7) | 931 (46·1) | |
| Alcohol | 0·001 | |||
| Non-drinker | 174 (75·3) | 54 (65·8) | 1276 (62·3) | |
| Light drinker | 37 (16·0) | 16 (19·5) | 554 (27·1) | |
| Excessive drinker | 20 (8·7) | 12 (14·6) | 217 (10·6) | |
| Smoking | 0·011 | |||
| Non-smoker | 89 (38·5) | 37 (44·6) | 933 (45·5) | |
| Current smoker | 93 (40·3) | 26 (31·3) | 591 (28·8 | |
| Ex-smoker for ⩾6 months | 49 (21·2) | 20 (24·1) | 528 (25·7) | |
| Illicit drugs | 0·063 | |||
| Never used | 153 (66·2) | 56 (67·5) | 1495 (72·9) | |
| Used at some point | 78 (33·8) | 27 (32·5) | 555 (27·1) | |
| Using HAART | 0·718 | |||
| Yes | 32 (13·8) | 11 (13·2) | 248 (12·1) | |
| No | 200 (86·2) | 72 (86·7) | 1809 (87·9) | |
| CD4 cell count | 0·000 | |||
| ⩾200 cells/mm3 | 58 (25·0) | 59 (71·1) | 1471 (71·5) | |
| 1–199 cells/mm3 | 86 (37·1) | 9 (10·8) | 314 (15·3) | |
| Not informed | 88 (37·9) | 15 (18·1) | 272 (13·2) | |
| Anaemia | 0·000 | |||
| No | 39 (16·8) | 40 (48·2) | 1250 (60·8) | |
| Yes | 143 (61·6) | 34 (41·0) | 675 (32·8) | |
| Not informed | 50 (21·5) | 9 (10·8) | 132 (6·4) | |
| Nutritional status | 0·000 | |||
| Normal | 137 (59·0) | 45 (54·2) | 1193 (59·1) | |
| Underweight | 43 (18·5) | 8 (9·6) | 171 (8·5) | |
| Overweight/obese | 29 (12·5) | 30 (36·1) | 653 (32·4) | |
| Characteristics during the cohort | ||||
| Treatment for tuberculosis | 0·000 | |||
| No | 132 (56·9) | 68 (81·9) | 1887 (91·7) | |
| Yes | 100 (43·1) | 15 (18·1) | 170 (8·3) | |
| Chemoprophylaxis for tuberculosis | 0·000 | |||
| Not indicated and not treated for LTBI | 57 (24·6) | 28 (33·7) | 741 (36·0) | |
| Indicated and treated for LTBI | 5 (2·2) | 4 (4·8) | 139 (6·8) | |
| Indicated and not treated for LTBI | 11 (4·7) | 2 (2·4) | 126 (6·1) | |
| No tuberculin skin test | 159 (68·5) | 49 (59·0) | 1051 (51·1) |
PLWH, People living with HIV/AIDS; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; LTBI, latent tuberculosis infection.
Mean values in dollars for Brazilian minimum salary: US$185.64 (2007); US$246.88 (2008); US$198.13 (2009); US$295.82 (2010); US$327.92 (2011); US$332.98 (2012).