Table 3.
Results of the mediation analyses
| IV | Mediator | DV | Eff | Estimate | CI low | CI high | p | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CENTRAL–LIM | ||||||||
| Aerobic fitness | CingulumAntR-PostcentralR | ERT | ACME | 0.03 | − 0.04 | 0.12 | 0.550 | 55 |
| Aerobic fitness | RolandicOperL-CingulumPostR | ERT | ACME | 0.09 | 0.004 | 0.21 | 0.080 | 55 |
| Aerobic fitness | RolandicOperR-CingulumPostL | ERT | ACME | 0.15 | 0.03 | 0.30 | 0.040* | 55 |
| Aerobic fitness | RolandicOperR-CingulumPostR | ERT | ACME | 0.12 | 0.02 | 0.25 | 0.036* | 55 |
| CEREB–CEREB | ||||||||
| Aerobic fitness | Cerebellum3R-Cerebellum45L | TMT-A | ACME | − 0.02 | − 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.740 | 57 |
| Aerobic fitness | Cerebellum9R-Vermis10 | TMT-A | ACME | − 0.10 | − 0.21 | − 0.02 | 0.028* | 57 |
| Aerobic fitness | CerebellumCrus1R-Cerebellum6L | TMT-A | ACME | − 0.05 | − 0.14 | 0.00 | 0.130 | 57 |
| Aerobic fitness | CerebellumCrus2R-Cerebellum10R | TMT-A | ACME | − 0.04 | − 0.11 | 0.01 | 0.31 | 57 |
| Aerobic fitness | CerebellumCrus2R-Cerebellum9L | TMT-A | ACME | − 0.11 | − 0.23 | − 0.03 | 0.024* | 57 |
| Aerobic fitness | CerebellumCrus2R-Cerebellum9L | TMT-B | ACME | − 0.12 | − 0.24 | − 0.02 | 0.044* | 56 |
| Aerobic fitness | CerebellumCrus2R-Vermis9 | TMT-A | ACME | − 0.06 | − 0.15 | 0.00 | 0.098 | 57 |
| Aerobic fitness | Cerebellum3R-Cerebellum45R | B-CATS-fruits | ACME | 0.05 | − 0.02 | 0.14 | 0.320 | 55 |
| Aerobic fitness | Cerebellum7bR-Cerebellum9L | B-CATS-fruits | ACME | 0.08 | 0.00 | 0.21 | 0.11 | 55 |
| Aerobic fitness | Cerebellum7bR-Cerebellum9L | B-CATS-vegetables | ACME | 0.06 | − 0.03 | 0.19 | 0.290 | 51 |
| Aerobic fitness | Cerebellum7bR-Vermis9 | B-CATS-fruits | ACME | 0.05 | − 0.02 | 0.15 | 0.280 | 55 |
| Aerobic fitness | Cerebellum7bR-Vermis9 | B-CATS-vegetables | ACME | 0.03 | − 0.03 | 0.11 | 0.550 | 51 |
| Aerobic fitness | Cerebellum9L-Vermis7 | B-CATS-vegetables | ACME | 0.10 | − 0.01 | 0.23 | 0.146 | 51 |
| Aerobic fitness | Cerebellum9L-Vermis7 | B-CATS-animals | ACME | 0.06 | − 0.01 | 0.16 | 0.244 | 55 |
| Aerobic fitness | Cerebellum9L-Vermis8 | B-CATS-vegetables | ACME | 0.10 | 0.00 | 0.22 | 0.098 | 51 |
| Aerobic fitness | Cerebellum9L-Vermis8 | B-CATS-animals | ACME | 0.08 | − 0.01 | 0.19 | 0.140 | 55 |
| Aerobic fitness | Cerebellum9R-Vermis7 | B-CATS-vegetables | ACME | 0.12 | 0.01 | 0.27 | 0.054 | 51 |
| Aerobic fitness | Cerebellum9R-Vermis8 | B-CATS-vegetables | ACME | 0.13 | 0.02 | 0.28 | 0.050 | 51 |
| Aerobic fitness | Cerebellum9R-Vermis9 | B-CATS-animals | ACME | 0.09 | − 0.01 | 0.21 | 0.166 | 55 |
| Aerobic fitness | CerebellumCrus1R-Vermis6 | B-CATS-animals | ACME | 0.00 | − 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.980 | 55 |
| Aerobic fitness | CerebellumCrus2R-Cerebellum9L | B-CATS-vegetables | ACME | 0.04 | − 0.04 | 0.15 | 0.450 | 51 |
| CEREB–NUC | ||||||||
| Aerobic fitness | AmygdalaR-CerebellumCrus2L | PANSS-negative | ACME | − 0.07 | − 0.18 | 0.00 | 0.140 | 57 |
| Aerobic fitness | CaudateL-CerebellumCrus1R | PANSS-negative | ACME | − 0.09 | − 0.21 | 0.00 | 0.140 | 57 |
| Aerobic fitness | CaudateR-Cerebellum45L | PANSS-positive | ACME | − 0.07 | − 0.19 | 0.00 | 0.120 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | CaudateR-Cerebellum45L | PANSS-total | ACME | − 0.06 | − 0.16 | 0.01 | 0.220 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | CaudateR-Cerebellum45L | CDSS | ACME | − 0.09 | − 0.20 | − 0.01 | 0.044* | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | PallidumR-Vermis3 | CDSS | ACME | 0.03 | − 0.3 | 0.11 | 0.420 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | PallidumR-Vermis8 | CGI | ACME | − 0.09 | − 0.21 | 0.00 | 0.110 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | PallidumR-Vermis8 | PANSS-total | ACME | − 0.08 | − 0.21 | 0.00 | 0.120 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | PallidumR-Vermis8 | PANSS-psychopath | ACME | − 0.08 | − 0.18 | 0.00 | 0.140 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | PallidumR-Vermis8 | PANSS-positive | ACME | − 0.05 | − 0.15 | 0.01 | 0.250 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | PutamenL-Vermis45 | PANSS-psychopath | ACME | 0.05 | − 0.01 | 0.15 | 0.250 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | PutamenL-Vermis45 | CDSS | ACME | 0.05 | − 0.01 | 0.13 | 0.230 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | ThalamusL-Cerebellum9R | CGI | ACME | − 0.06 | − 0.16 | 0.01 | 0.25 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | ThalamusR-Cerebellum9R | CGI | ACME | − 0.15 | − 0.30 | − 0.04 | 0.022* | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | CaudateL-Cerebellum6L | B-CATS-fruits | ACME | 0.05 | − 0.01 | 0.15 | 0.260 | 55 |
| Aerobic fitness | CaudateL-Cerebellum6L | B-CATS-vegetables | ACME | 0.02 | − 0.05 | 0.11 | 0.574 | 51 |
| Aerobic fitness | CaudateL-Cerebellum6R | B-CATS-vegetables | ACME | 0.05 | − 0.06 | 0.18 | 0.500 | 51 |
| Aerobic fitness | CaudateR-Cerebellum8L | B-CATS-fruits | ACME | 0.04 | − 0.02 | 0.14 | 0.330 | 55 |
| Aerobic fitness | PallidumR-CerebellumCrus1L | B-CATS-fruits | ACME | 0.08 | − 0.02 | 0.20 | 0.220 | 55 |
| Aerobic fitness | PutamenL-CerebellumCrus1L | B-CATS-fruits | ACME | 0.07 | − 0.02 | 0.20 | 0.230 | 55 |
| Aerobic fitness | PutamenL-CerebellumCrus2L | B-CATS-fruits | ACME | 0.03 | − 0.05 | 0.12 | 0.610 | 55 |
| Aerobic fitness | PutamenR-Cerebellum10L | B-CATS-vegetables | ACME | 0.05 | − 0.02 | 0.15 | 0.316 | 51 |
| Aerobic fitness | PutamenR-CerebellumCrus1L | B-CATS-fruits | ACME | 0.07 | − 0.01 | 0.17 | 0.190 | 55 |
| Aerobic fitness | CaudateL-Cerebellum7bL | DSST | ACME | − 0.14 | − 0.27 | − 0.03 | 0.018* | 56 |
| Aerobic fitness | CaudateL-CerebellumCrus1L | DSST | ACME | − 0.09 | − 0.19 | − 0.01 | 0.076 | 56 |
| Aerobic fitness | CaudateL-CerebellumCrus1R | DSST | ACME | − 0.14 | − 0.28 | − 0.04 | 0.022* | 56 |
| Aerobic fitness | CaudateR-CerebellumCrus1L | DSST | ACME | − 0.09 | − 0.20 | − 0.01 | 0.074 | 56 |
| Aerobic fitness | PallidumL-Cerebellum6L | DSST | ACME | 0.03 | − 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.390 | 56 |
| Aerobic fitness | PallidumL-Cerebellum8L | DSST | ACME | 0.08 | 0.00 | 0.18 | 0.090 | 56 |
| Aerobic fitness | PallidumL-Cerebellum8R | DSST | ACME | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.20 | 0.060 | 56 |
| Aerobic fitness | PallidumL-Vermis6 | DSST | ACME | 0.03 | − 0.02 | 0.10 | 0.440 | 56 |
| Aerobic fitness | PallidumL-Vermis7 | DSST | ACME | 0.09 | 0.00 | 0.20 | 0.100 | 56 |
| Aerobic fitness | ThalamusR-Cerebellum9R | DSST | ACME | 0.14 | 0.04 | 0.27 | 0.008* | 56 |
| OCC–TEMP | ||||||||
| Aerobic fitness | OccipitalInfL-HeschlL | PANSS-negative | ACME | 0.08 | 0.00 | 0.21 | 0.138 | 57 |
| Aerobic fitness | OccipitalInfL-HeschlL | PANSS-total | ACME | 0.11 | 0.01 | 0.25 | 0.054 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | OccipitalMidL-HeschlL | PANSS-psychopath | ACME | 0.09 | 0.00 | 0.20 | 0.110 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | OccipitalMidL-HeschlR | PANSS-psychopath | ACME | 0.07 | 0.00 | 0.18 | 0.140 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | OccipitalMidL-HeschlR | PANSS-total | ACME | 0.06 | − 0.01 | 0.17 | 0.190 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | OccipitalMidR-TemporalMidL | PANSS-negative | ACME | 0.10 | 0.00 | 0.22 | 0.088 | 57 |
| Aerobic fitness | OccipitalSupL-HeschlL | PANSS-psychopath | ACME | 0.07 | 0.00 | 0.18 | 0.150 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | OccipitalSupL-HeschlR | PANSS-psychopath | ACME | 0.09 | 0.00 | 0.20 | 0.110 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | OccipitalSupL-HeschlR | CGI | ACME | 0.09 | 0.00 | 0.20 | 0.100 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | OccipitalSupL-HeschlR | PANSS-total | ACME | 0.07 | 0.00 | 0.19 | 0.130 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | OccipitalSupR-HeschlR | PANSS-psychopath | ACME | 0.07 | − 0.01 | 0.17 | 0.180 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | OccipitalSupR-HeschlR | CGI | ACME | 0.07 | 0.00 | 0.18 | 0.150 | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | OccipitalSupR-TemporalMidL | PANSS-negative | ACME | 0.09 | 0.00 | 0.21 | 0.122 | 57 |
| TEMP–TEMP | ||||||||
| Aerobic fitness | HeschlR-TemporalMidL | PANSS-total | ACME | − 0.14 | − 0.29 | − 0.02 | 0.024* | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | HeschlR-TemporalMidL | CGI | ACME | − 0.14 | − 0.29 | − 0.03 | 0.024* | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | HeschlR-TemporalMidL | PANSS-positive | ACME | − 0.13 | − 0.27 | − 0.03 | 0.022* | 58 |
| Aerobic fitness | TemporalSupR-TemporalMidR | PANSS-negative | ACME | − 0.14 | − 0.28 | − 0.02 | 0.044* | 58 |
Summary of the results of the mediation analyses. IV = independent variable, DV = dependent variable, Eff. = type of the effect, estimate = β-coefficient of the mediation effect, CI = confidence interval, n = sample size, ACME = average causal mediation effect, CENTRAL–LIM = functional connections between seeds from central cortical structures and limbic lobe, CEREB–CEREB = functional connections between cerebellar seeds, CEREB–NUC = functional connections between cerebellar seeds and seeds from the subcortical nuclei, OCC–TEMP = functional connections between seeds from the occipital lobe and temporal lobe, TEMP–TEMP = functional connections between seeds from the temporal lobe
*p < 0.05