Table 1.
Overview of the demographic information for the participants of this study
| HP | P-val | LP | P-val | P-val | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | Male | Female | ||||
| Num | 32 | 49 | – | 32 | 49 | – | – |
| Age | 20.3 (1.7) | 20.0 (1.9) | .43 | 20.0(1.7) | 19.8 (1.4) | .35 | .29 |
| Educ | 14.1 (1.8) | 13.9 (2.0) | .43 | 14.0 (1.7) | 14.2 (1.0) | .70 | .29 |
| BMI | 20.9 (3.2) | 21.4 (3.8) | .51 | 20.9(4.4) | 21.4(3.8) | .21 | .88 |
| BDI | 20.5 (6.2) | 19.0 (4.8) | .22 | 17.3 (3.8) | 18.1 (4.2) | .51 | .01* |
| TA | 59.0 (9.4) | 55.1 (7.4) | .57 | 53.7 (8.9) | 52.5 (8.0) | .38 | .01** |
| NEO-C | 34.7 (5.0) | 36.7 (5.8) | .13 | 41.0 (4.4) | 42.8 (5.7) | .48 | .00*** |
| NEO-E | 38.3 (8.7) | 39.2 (7.8) | .64 | 38.3 (8.7) | 38.1 (6.9) | .68 | .59 |
| NEO-N | 39.9 (8.6) | 36.0 (7.5) | .05 | 36.0 (7.5) | 35.3 (8.4) | .24 | .12 |
| NEO-A | 39.4 (5.7) | 39.8 (5.7) | .74 | 39.9 (4.0) | 41.2 (5.4) | .20 | .21 |
| NEO-O | 43.7 (6.3) | 41.1 (6.2) | .07 | 42.7 (6.6) | 41.0 (5.4) | .38 | .70 |
| PPS | 56.6 (1.2) | 55.2 (1.2) | .51 | 36.0 (0.0) | 35.8 (0.4) | .58 | .00*** |
“Num.” indicates the number of the corresponding participants. The cell of the 2th—3th and 5th—6th show the mean value and the corresponding standard deviation within the brackets. p-Val indicates the p-value derived from the the rank-sum Mann–Whitney U test, whilst the 4th and 7th columns present the p-value for the test on gender’s differences of HP and LP respectively. The last column reports the p-value of the examination for the differences between the HP and LP. BMI Body Mass Index; BDI indicates the diagnosis of the depression using the Becker Depression Inventory; TA Trait Anxiety; NEO-C Conscientiousness of big-five personality; NEO-E Extraversion of big-five personality; NEO-N Neuroticism of big-five personality; NEO-A Agreeableness; NEO-O Openness of big-five personality; PPS Pure Procrastination Scale. Asterisk indicates that the p-value have attain the significant level, *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001