Table 8.
Classification results for proposed method using different pre-trained CNNs and dDTF images on MAHNOB-HCI database in all frequency bands using the LOSO Cross-Validation method
| Net | Bands | Accuracy (%) | Precision (%) | Recall (%) | F1-score (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AlexNet | Delta | 76.55 ± 0.75 | 76.59 ± 3.43 | 76.50 ± 3.24 | 76.42 ± 3.22 |
| Theta | 77.07 ± 0.74 | 77.12 ± 3.22 | 77.15 ± 3.52 | 77.10 ± 3.44 | |
| Alpha | 77.73 ± 0.73 | 77.77 ± 3.40 | 77.75 ± 3.53 | 77.64 ± 3.42 | |
| Beta | 77.28 ± 0.73 | 77.35 ± 3.43 | 77.26 ± 3.35 | 77.21 ± 3.41 | |
| Gamma | 77.40 ± 0.74 | 77.43 ± 3.32 | 77.32 ± 3.40 | 77.32 ± 3.45 | |
| VGG-19 | Delta | 84.36 ± 3.45 | 84.57 ± 3.32 | 84.32 ± 3.39 | 84.15 ± 3.34 |
| Theta | 84.69 ± 3.49 | 84.83 ± 3.45 | 84.57 ± 3.35 | 84.52 ± 3.28 | |
| Alpha | 86.42 ± 3.25 | 86.66 ± 3.40 | 86.35 ± 3.36 | 86.34 ± 3.37 | |
| Beta | 85.30 ± 3.34 | 85.52 ± 3.42 | 85.24 ± 3.34 | 85.22 ± 3.34 | |
| Gamma | 85.42 ± 3.50 | 85.67 ± 3.38 | 85.36 ± 3.40 | 85.34 ± 3.32 | |
| ResNet-50 | Delta | 95.23 ± 3.27 | 95.73 ± 3.35 | 95.32 ± 3.37 | 95.13 ± 3.24 |
| Theta | 96.65 ± 3.25 | 96.75 ± 3.34 | 96.65 ± 3.32 | 96.48 ± 3.25 | |
| Alpha | 97.78 ± 3.32 | 97.72 ± 3.33 | 97.71 ± 3.45 | 97.73 ± 3.24 | |
| Beta | 96.91 ± 3.24 | 96.93 ± 3.25 | 96.84 ± 3.24 | 96.75 ± 3.35 | |
| Gamma | 96.86 ± 3.21 | 96.90 ± 3.21 | 96.82 ± 3.40 | 96.73 ± 3.42 | |
| Inception-v3 | Delta | 94.26 ± 3.55 | 94.24 ± 3.52 | 94.33 ± 3.43 | 94.15 ± 3.22 |
| Theta | 94.54 ± 3.52 | 94.60 ± 3.43 | 94.54 ± 3.25 | 94.37 ± 3.31 | |
| Alpha | 96.86 ± 3.54 | 96.83 ± 3.22 | 96.78 ± 3.44 | 96.70 ± 3.30 | |
| Beta | 95.25 ± 3.26 | 95.30 ± 3.45 | 95.32 ± 3.30 | 95.20 ± 3.32 | |
| Gamma | 95.20 ± 3.23 | 95.32 ± 3.35 | 95.24 ± 3.23 | 95.15 ± 3.34 |
Highest results are showed bold