Table 4. Unadjusted and adjusted coefficients (95% confidence intervals, CI) of factors associated with perceived risk of contracting Coronavirus (COVID-19) during the pandemic among Sub-Sahara African respondents .
| Variables | Unadjusted (B) Coefficient (95% CI) | Adjusted (β) Coefficient (95% CI) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| West Africa | East Africa | Central Africa | Southern Africa | West Africa | East Africa | Central Africa | Southern Africa | |
| Demography | ||||||||
| Age category in years | ||||||||
| 18-28 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| 29-38 | 1.43 (0.13, 2.74) | 3.68 (0.45, 6.90) | 2.57 (-0.38, 5.52) | 0.16 (-1.84, 2.16) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| 39-48 | 1.21 (-0.15, 2.58) | 1.90 (-1.73, 5.52) | 0.46 (-2.74, 3.66) | 1.41 (-0.81, 3.62) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| 49+ | 1.56 (-0.16, 3.29) | 4.64 (0.88, 8.41) | 0.64 (-4.10, 5.40) | 0.93 (-1.61, 3.46) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| Gender | ||||||||
| Males | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Females | -1.27 (-2.31, -0.22) | 0.61 (-2.00, 3.23) | 0.18 (-2.14, 2.50) | -0.04 (-1.65, 1.56) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| Marital Status | ||||||||
| Married | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Not married | -0.54 (-1.58, 0.50) | -0.97(-3.54, 1.61) | 0.84 (-1.66, 3.35) | 0.96 (-2.59, 0.67) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| Highest level of Education | ||||||||
| Postgraduate degree (Masters /PhD) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Bachelor’s degree | -1.28 (-2.45, -0.11) | 0.83 (-2.17, 3.82) | 0.90 (-1.85, 3.64) | 0.68 (-1.15, 2.50) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| Secondary/Primary | -1.96 (-3.40, -0.52) | -0.08 (-3.85, 3.69) | 1.09 (-2.04, 4.21) | -1.50 (-3.73, 0.73) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| Employment status | ||||||||
| Employed | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Unemployed | -0.79 (-1.90, 0.31) | -1.81 (-4.54, 0.92) | 0.25 (-2.06, 2.55) | -1.41 (-3.10, 0.28) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| Religion | ||||||||
| Christianity | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Others | -0.23 (-1.78, 1.31)" | -0.62 (-4.98, 3.73) | 2.10 (-1.52, 5.71) | 2.21 (-0.55, 4.96) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| Occupation | ||||||||
| Non-health care sector | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Health care sector | 1.46 (0.26, 2.66) | 1.24 (-4.61, 2.13) | 0.94 (-2.06, 3.95) | -0.51 (-2.70, 1.69) | 1.09 (0.26, 1.92) | _ | _ | _ |
| Number living together | ||||||||
| < 3 people | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| 4-6 people | 0.04 (-1.28, 1.35) | 0.98 (-1.97, 3.92) | -2.38 (-5.44, 0.69) | -0.61 (-2.57, 1.34) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| 6+ people | 0.82 (-0.88, 2.52) | 2.46 (-1.40, 6.32) | -3.02 (-6.33, 0.28) | -0.26 (-2.91, 2.39) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| Are you currently or have you been in self-isolation because of COVID-19? | ||||||||
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 0.22 (-0.55, 0.99) | -0.19 (-2.09, 1.71) | 1.22 (-0.72, 3.17) | -0.06 (-1.30, 1.18) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| Home quarantined due to Covid-19? | ||||||||
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 0.29 (-0.44, 1.02) | -1.93 (-3.70, -0.17) | 1.81 (-0.05, 3.67) | -0.53 (-1.73, 0.66) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| Do you live alone during COVID-19? | ||||||||
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 0.49 (-0.85, 1.82) | -1.10 (-4.41, 2.22) | 0.95 (-1.92, 3.82) | -0.53 (-2.58, 1.52) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| How much worried are you about COVID-19? | ||||||||
| Very worried | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Somehow worried | -10.2 (-11.37, -9.05) | -6.64 (-9.65, -3.63) | -5.46 (-8.23, -2.68) | -6.19 (-8.04, -4.34) | -6.34 (-7.27, -5.41) | -6.56 (-8.79, -4.34) | -6.28 (-8.57,-4.00) | -6.37 (-7.84,-4.91) |
| Not at all | -6.40 (-7.57, -5.23) | -10.27 (-12.98, -7.56) | -9.53 (-12.13, -6.95) | -8.98 (-10.76, -7.21) | -6.57 (-7.53, -5.62) | -6.24 (-8.34, -4.15) | -6.51 (-8.70, -4.31) | -6.06 (-7.51, -4.60) |
| How do you feel about the self-isolation? | ||||||||
| Anxious | ||||||||
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 0.07 (-1.13, 1.27) | 0.87 (-1.97, 3.72) | -2.60 (-5.60, 0.40) | -0.83 (-2.82, 1.16) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| Bored | ||||||||
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 0.40 (-0.89, 1.70) | -1.66 (-4.55, 1.24) | -1.38 (-4.81, 2.06) | 0.42 (-1.58, 2.43) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| Frustrated | ||||||||
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 0.73 (-0.45, 1.91) | -2.26 (-5.18, 0.66) | -1.89 (-4.57, 0.79) | -0.16 ( -2.14, 1.83) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| Angry | ||||||||
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | -0.24 (-1.75, 1.27) | -3.40 (-6.72, -0.08) | -0.23 (-3.02, 2.56) | -0.01 (-2.48, 2.47) | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| Knowledge | 2.57 (2.39, 2.75) | 2.75 (2.36, 3.14) | 2.46 (2.04, 2.88) | 2.57 (2.25, 2.88) | 2.35 (2.18, 2.52) | 2.53 (2.15, 2.91) | 2.29 (1.88, 2.70) | 2.38 (2.08, 2.68) |
0.00 = Reference; CIs excluding 0.00 are statistically significant variable. For each region, a linear regression model was conducted with mean score for risk perception scores for contracting COVID-19 as the outcome variable. However, only the significant variables after adjusting for potential confounders were presented