Table 4.
Soil characteristics for physical and chemical properties in traditional agriculture (TA), harvested woodlands (HW) and the protected area (PA), in Salima, Malawi. Similar letters along a column show no significant difference (p < 0.05).
| Treatment | pH | %SOC | %OM | %N | P (ug/g) | K (Cmol/Kg) | BD (g/cm3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PA | 6.43a | 1.590a | 2.747a | 0.138a | 5.3a | 0.038a | 1.27ab |
| HW | 6.52a | 1.732a | 2.930a | 0.128a | 14.82a | 0.045a | 1.24a |
| TA1-5∗ | 6.49a | 1.061b | 1.831b | 0.09a | 14.86a | 0.06a | 1.36c |
| TA6-10∗ | 6.48a | 0.844bc | 1.457bc | 0.07a | 19.48a | 0.044a | 1.38c |
| TA11+∗ | 6.54a | 0.714c | 1.230c | 0.15a | 16.99a | 0.046a | 1.34bc |
| p-value | 0.58 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.204 | 0.609 | 0.609 | 0.015 |
∗Number of years under cultivation, pH = soil pH, SOC = soil organic carbon, OM = organic matter, N = nitrogen, P = phosphorus, K = potassium, BD = bulk density, P-value = Probability value.