Table 5.

Comparisons of different antibacterial hydrogels.

Antibacterial agent	Polymer	Features	Antibacterial activity	Ref.
Pterostilbene/Gentamicin	–	Antibacterial ability	S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa	[72]
Natural melanin	–	Excellent photothermal conversion effects, biocompatible, conglutinant	S. aureus, E. coli	[146]
Polymyxin B.	Amphiphilic peptide	Sustained releasing, good biocompatibility	E. coli	[67]
Ag/Biological extract	Alginate	Controllable releasing, thermal	S. aureus, E. coli	[155]
Ag/Curcumin	Bacterial cellulose	High cytocompatibility, antioxidant activity	S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, C. auris	[120]
AuNPs	F127–CHO	Antioxidant activity, antibacterial ability, electroconductive activity	S. aureus, E. coli	[125]
AuNRs	CS	Antibacterial ability, low cytotoxicity	S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. coli	[129]
AuNPs/Graphitic	CS/PVA	Antibacterial ability, biocompatibility	S. aureus, E. coli	[130]
Cu-MOP	–	Outstanding biocompatibility, antibacterial ability	S. aureus, E. coli	[132]
CuNPs	GelMA	Antibacterial ability	S. aureus, E. coli	[131]
CuSNPs	MPS	Antibacterial ability, tissue regeneration capability	S. aureus, E. coli	[134]
ZnONPs	CMCS	High swelling behavior	S. aureus, E. coli	[58]
AgNPs	CS/PAA	High synergism, low cytotoxicity, without-contacting antibacterial ability	S. aureus, E. coli	[62]
AgNPs	CS-CMCS	Self-healing, high biocompatibility, high swelling behavior	S. aureus, P. aeruginosa	[59]
AgNPs	Gelatin	Excellent antibacterial ability	E. coli	[57]
CMCS/Gentamicin	HA	Hydroscopicity, well vapor permeability rate, enzymatic resistance	S. aureus, P. aeruginosa	[136]
4-HPA	PLL/Aga	Injectable, recoverable, good biocompatibility, stability	S. aureus, E. coli	[102]
Citral/CS	CMC	Antifungal ability, antioxidant	E. coli, S. aureus, B. subtilis	[60]
CMCS	CMCS	Good thermal stability, swelling property, biodegradability	S. aureus, E. coli	[137]
ZnNPs	CMCS	Injectable, fluorescent color indication	S. aureus, E. coli	[61]
CS	SiW/PAM	Adhesive, conductive, self-healing	E. coli	[138]
QCS	DMAEMA	Ultra-tough, recoverable, cell-affinitive	S. aureus, E. coli	[52]
AMP	Alginate	Recoverable, good biocompatibility	A. baumannii, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus	[140]
AMP	CMCS/Alginate	Superior biocompatibility, no cytotoxicity	S. aureus	[142]
AMP	–	Highly selective, effective, safe, well-tolerated, self-assembling	E. coli, P. aeruginosa	[139]
AMP/Penicillin	PCL-b-P-(Lys-stat-Phe)	Injectable, quick and long-acting antibacterial ability	S. aureus, E. coli	[143]