Table 1.

Comparison Between Frail and the Non-Frail Adults

		Non-Frail (n=436)	Frail (n=47)	P value
General data	Sex (Male, n (%))	259 (59.4%)	33 (70.2%)	0.147
	Age (years)	67.27±10.34	81.66±7.93	<0.001
	BMI/ (kg/m2)	25.53±3.09	25.47±3.90	0.758
	SBP (mmHg)	135.72±17.82	136.02±19.01	0.958
	DBP (mmHg)	76.09±11.14	70.79±10.69	0.002
Obesity	WC (cm)	92.58±9.89	96.62±10.92	0.027
	WHR	0.94±0.07	0.96±0.05	0.105
	eVFA (cm2)	123.04±45.84	154.05±50.26	0.005
	TF (kg)	20.40±5.50	20.80±6.15	0.955
CFS	CFS score	3.14±1.2	5.60±1.01	<0.001
Glucose and lipid metabolism	FBG (mmoL/L)	5.8524±1.97	6.10±2.59	0.534
	HbA1c (%)	6.32±1.30	6.66±1.46	0.007
	ALT (U/l)	19.96±11.61	21.38±20.76	0.076
	UA (μmol/L)	339.71±88.54	355.70±86.54	0.181
	TG (mmol/L)	1.74±1.31	1.38±0.68	0.015
	TC (mmol/L)	4.37±1.08	4.00±1.04	0.017
	LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.60±0.86	2.29±0.82	0.021
	HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.21±0.33	1.18±0.31	0.735
	Scr (μmoL/L)	70.85±35.90	84.47±44.92	0.016
	HCY (μmoL/L)	14.81±6.85	15.42±5.15	0.127
Chronic diseases	Hypertension (n, %)	302 (69.3%)	36 (76.6%)	0.083
	T2D (n, %)	162 (37.2%)	23 (48.9%)	0.329
	CHD (n, %)	116 (26.6%)	28 (59.6%)	<0.001

Notes: Data were expressed as mean (standard deviation), median (interquartile range) or n (%).

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eVFA, estimated visceral fat area; TF, total fat; CFS, Clinical Frailty Scale; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin, Type A1C; ALT, alanine transaminase; UA, uric acid; TG, triglyceride; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; Scr, serum creatinine; HCY, homocysteine; T2D, type 2 diabetes; CHD, coronary heart disease.