Table 1.
Baseline characteristics (N = 2518)
| Control N = 1727a |
Intervention N = 791a |
P-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 57.3 (14.9) | 57.7 (14.8) | 0.480 |
| Age group | 0.640 | ||
| Young adults (25–49 years) | 32.7% | 30.8% | |
| Mid-aged adults (50–64 years) | 30.1% | 31.4% | |
| Older adults (65–84 years) | 37.3% | 37.8% | |
| Sex | 0.715 | ||
| Male | 39.7% | 40.6% | |
| Female | 60.3% | 59.4% | |
| Years of education | 0.005 | ||
| < 13 years | 60.9% | 66.8% | |
| ≥ 13 years | 39.1% | 33.2% | |
| Annual household income | 0.090 | ||
| Do not know | 6.0% | 6.5% | |
| < 1 million yen | 3.1% | 3.6% | |
| 1–2 million yen | 9.1% | 13.2% | |
| 2–3 million yen | 16.1% | 14.4% | |
| 3–5 million yen | 22.7% | 20.9% | |
| 5–7 million yen | 17.2% | 17.9% | |
| 7–10 million yen | 15.9% | 14.8% | |
| ≥ 10 million yen | 10.0% | 8.8% | |
| Employment status | 0.498 | ||
| Worker | 61.8% | 60.3% | |
| Non-worker | 38.2% | 39.7% | |
| Marital status | 0.490 | ||
| Married | 65.2% | 63.7% | |
| Widowed/divorced/single | 34.8% | 36.3% | |
| Living status | 0.117 | ||
| Living alone | 81.3% | 78.6% | |
| Living with others | 18.7% | 21.4% | |
| Mental health | 14.8 (5.5) | 14.7 (5.6) | 0.652 |
| Self-rated health | 0.227 | ||
| Good | 85.6% | 83.6% | |
| Poor | 14.4% | 16.4% |
aMean (SD); %
*Two sample t-test; Chi-squared test