Table 6.
Adjusted odds ratios for associations between participant characteristics and attitudes towards preconception health
| Perceived awareness of preconception risk factors | Perceived importance of preconception health | Interest in knowing more about preconception health | Preconceptional self-efficacy | Preconception lifestyle change intentions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | |||||
| 18–24 years | (reference) | (reference) | (reference) | (reference) | (reference) |
| 25–29 years | 0.95 (0.64–1.40) | 0.89 (0.59–1.33) | 0.93 (0.64–1.36) | 0.98 (0.66–1.47) | 0.81 (0.55–1.18) |
| 30–34 years | 2.16 (1.34–3.47) † | 1.40 (0.86–2.26) | 0.74 (0.46–1.18) | 1.62 (0.99–2.65) | 1.09 (0.69–1.71) |
| 35–39 years | 2.66 (1.58–4.49) † | 0.90 (0.56–1.46) | 0.70 (0.42–1.16) | 1.37 (0.81–2.32) | 0.87 (0.56–1.37) |
| 40–48 years | 2.68 (1.55–4.62) † | 1.36 (0.85–2.18) | 0.37 (0.21–0.63) † | 2.20 (1.30–3.73)† | 1.08 (0.70–1.69) |
| Household income | |||||
| < £19,000 | (reference) | (reference) | (reference) | (reference) | (reference) |
| £19,000–£25,999 | 0.55 (0.32–0.94) ‡ | 1.50 (0.85–2.64) | 0.95 (0.55–1.66) | 0.80 (0.45–1.43) | 0.70 (0.40–1.20) |
| £26,000–£31,999 | 1.20 (0.69–2.08) | 1.92 (1.06–3.49) ‡ | 1.28 (0.73–2.23) | 0.87 (0.48–1.60) | 0.86 (0.49–1.53) |
| £32,000–£47,999 | 1.36 (0.85–2.18) | 2.21 (1.32–3.69) † | 1.47 (0.91–2.37) | 0.96 (0.58–1.59) | 0.76 (0.47–1.22) |
| £48,000–£63,999 | 1.15 (0.72–1.81) | 2.81 (1.70–4.62) † | 1.29 (0.80–2.09) | 1.02 (0.61–1.71) | 0.90 (0.56–1.44) |
| £64,000–£95,999 | 1.66 (1.04–2.67) ‡ | 2.46 (1.49–4.08) † | 1.86 (1.14–3.03) ‡ | 1.39 (0.83–2.35) | 1.04 (0.65–1.65) |
| ≥ £96,000 | 1.54 (0.91–2.61) | 3.38 (1.90–6.00) † | 1.46 (0.84–2.54) | 1.33 (0.73–2.41) | 0.92 (0.54–1.57) |
| Education | |||||
| School | (reference) | (reference) | (reference) | (reference) | (reference) |
| Intermediate | 1.16 (0.67–2.02) | 1.23 (0.69–2.20) | 1.08 (0.62–1.90) | 1.11 (0.62–2.00) | 0.83 (0.49–1.42) |
| University | 1.19 (0.71–2.00) | 1.20 (0.70–2.07) | 1.25 (0.74–2.11) | 1.32 (0.76–2.30) | 0.99 (0.61–1.61) |
| Minority ethnicitya | 0.80 (0.48–1.32) | 1.98 (1.18–3.31)‡ | 2.28 (1.41–3.69) † | 1.24 (0.72–2.14) | 1.61 (0.92–2.81) |
| Born outside the UKa | 1.36 (0.84–2.18) | 1.26 (0.75–2.10) | 1.37 (0.82–2.28) | 1.78 (1.06–3.00)‡ | 1.80 (1.06–3.05)‡ |
| Ever pregnanta | 3.08 (2.24–4.23) † | 0.92 (0.67–1.28) | 1.79 (1.30–2.46) † | 1.06 (0.76–1.46) | 1.04 (0.80–1.35) |
| Previous live birth(s)a | 4.10 (2.89–5.82) † | 0.81 (0.57–1.15) | 1.84 (1.29–2.62) † | 0.95 (0.66–1.36) | 0.99 (0.76–1.29) |
| Adverse outcomesa | 1.91 (1.32–2.77) † | 1.14 (0.78–1.65) | 1.50 (1.04–2.16) ‡ | 1.38 (0.94–2.03) | 1.34 (0.94–1.90) |
| Previous infertilitya | 1.39 (0.94–2.05) | 0.76 (0.50–1.13) | 1.02 (0.70–1.49) | 0.95 (0.64–1.43) | 1.40 (0.95–2.07) |
| Pregnancy intentions | |||||
| Definitely not | (reference) | (reference) | (reference) | (reference) | (reference) |
| Not sure/Don’t know | 0.79 (0.53–1.20) | 1.14 (0.75–1.73) | 2.98 (1.97–4.49) † | 0.88 (0.57–1.36) | 0.86 (0.60–1.23) |
| In the next 3+ years | 0.77 (0.48–1.25) | 1.12 (0.69–1.83) | 6.06 (3.71–9.90) † | 0.89 (0.53–1.49) | 0.82 (0.57–1.19) |
| Within 2 years | 1.28 (0.85–1.93) | 1.36 (0.89–2.06) | 12.64 (8.13–19.64) † | 1.05 (0.68–1.62) | 1.04 (0.72–1.50) |
aReference categories were: White ethnicity (with all other response options categorised as minority ethnicity); Born in the UK; Nulligravidity; Nulliparity; No prior miscarriage, stillbirth, or termination due to foetal abnormalities; No prior inability to become pregnant after ≥12 months of trying or seeking of medical/professional help for infertility
†Statistically significant at p < 0.005
‡Statistically significant at p < 0.05