Table 1.

Cytotoxicity of EPL, PPC and PI in the HepG2 cell line

Cell viability (% of untreated cells)	EPL concentration mg/ml
	0	0.0075	0.0375	0.075	0.375	0.75	3.75	7.5	37.5
Mean (SD) [range]	97.25 (0.69) [96.7–98.0]	96.08 (10.87) [86.7–105.7]	97.08 (5.49) [92.3–102.0]	96.17 (5.39) [91.3–101.0]	71.75 (1.55) [70.3–73.7]	47.83 (0.88) [47.0–49.0]	23.42 (0.74) [22.7–24.3]	24.67 (0.98) [23.3–25.7]	4.08 (0.69) [3.3–4.7]
	PPC concentration mg/ml
	0	0.009	0.045	0.09	0.45	0.9	4.5	8.9	44.5
Mean (SD) [range]	100.17 (1.04) [99.0–101.3]	102.58 (3.84) [98.3–107.0]	102.17 (4.24) [97.7–107.3]	99.50 (5.01) [95.0–106.7]	93.00 (3.14) [91.0–97.7]	90.08 (4.47) [86.0–95.7]	81.58 (4.13) [75.7–85.0]	76.67 (5.13) [70.3–81.0]	63.25 (9.87) [49.0–70.7]
	PI concentration mg/ml
	0	0.0073	0.036	0.073	0.36	0.73	3.6	7.3	36.3
Mean (SD) [range]	100.17 (1.04) [99.0–101.3]	93.17 (8.46) [84.3–101.7]	93.33 (8.54) [86.3–105.7]	92.33 (6.32) [84.7–99.0]	84.08 (3.56) [79.7–88.3]	78.75 (3.40) [74.7–82.7]	75.17 (2.73) [72.7–79.0]	60.33 (6.31) [55.3–69.3]	3.00 (0.47) [2.7–3.7]

Values shown are mean ± SD (range) as percentage of untreated cells (no PL addition) for 4 separate experiments; n = 3 replicate wells for each concentration of each compound per experiment

EPL Essential phospholipids, PI Phosphatidylinositol, PL Phospholipid, PPC Polyenylphosphatidylcholine, SD Standard deviation