. 2022 Summer;21(2):ar31. doi: 10.1187/cbe.21-10-0302

TABLE 5.

Overall rate of use of Instructor Talk use by GTAs teaching laboratory classrooms and faculty teaching lecture classrooms

	Instructor Talk instances per 30 minutes (mean ± SEM)	Positively Phrased Instructor Talk instances per 30 minutes (mean ± SEM)	Negatively Phrased Instructor Talk instances per 30 minutes (mean ± SEM)
GTAs (n = 24)	14 ± 1.9	12 ± 1.6	2.3 ± 0.6
Faculty (n = 61)^a	9.3 ± 0.9	8.5 ± 0.9	0.8 ± 0.2
p value	p = 0.03	p = 0.04	p = 0.04