TABLE 8.

Negatively Phrased categories of Instructor Talk use listed as number of Instructor Talk instances per 30 minutes (mean ± SEM)

	Dismantling the Instructor/Student Relationship	Disestablishing Class Culture	Compromising Pedagogical Choices	Sharing Personal Judgment	Masking Science
GTAs (n = 24)	1.3 ± 0.4	0.2 ± 0.1	0.6 ± 0.2	0.2 ± 0.08	Not observed
Faculty (n = 61)a	0.1 ± 0.03	0.2 ± 0.08	0.3 ± 0.1	0.2 ± 0.07	0.03 ± 0.02
p value	p < 0.01	p = 0.60	p = 0.26	p = 0.47	p = 0.08

^aData reprinted from Harrison et al. (2019).