TABLE 4.
Mean, standard deviation, average treatment effect on the treated (ATET propensity score matching) for research experiences gender and ethnic groups in traditional laboratory and SEA-PHAGES courses (n = 200)
| Estimation method | Project ownership content | Project ownership emotion | Self-efficacy | Science identity | Scientific community values | Networking | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men PEERAre there differences in the research experiences of excluded because of ethnicity or race (PEER) and White/Asian male students in the SEA-PHAGES program? | |||||||
| SEA-PHAGESMen PEERMen White/Asian | 3.78 (1.18) 3.99 (0.71) | 3.77 (1.18) 3.98 (0.78) | 3.83 (0.11) 4.23 (0.07) | 3.58 (0.13) 3.98 (0.08) | 4.68 (0.16) 5.2 (0.09) | 3.43 (0.12) 3.69 (0.08) | |
| ATET propensity score matching | Coeff.SEzSig. | −0.10.12−0.860.39 | −0.050.12−0.040.68 | 0.060.120.510.61 | 0.050.170.270.78 | −0.10.16−0.630.52 | 0.060.21−0.290.77 |
| Are there differences in the research experiences of excluded because of ethnicity or race (PEER) male students in the SEA-PHAGES program and the traditional laboratory? | |||||||
| PEER menSEA-PHAGESTraditional lab | 3.78 (0.11) 3.34 (0.14) | 3.77 (0.11) 3.5 (0.15) | 3.83 (0.11) 3.55 (0.16) | 3.58 (0.13) 3.07 (0.16) | 4.68 (0.16) 4.29 (0.19) | 3.43 (0.12) 3.02 (0.15) | |
| ATET propensity score matching | Coeff.SEzSig. | −0.370.13−2.760.006* | −0.120.13−0.950.34 | −0.20.14−1.420.15 | −0.530.17−3.020.003* | −0.330.2−1.620.1 | −0.250.16−1.530.13 |
| Are there differences in the research experiences of persons excluded because of ethnicity or race (PEERs) and White/Asian male students in the traditional laboratory? | |||||||
| TraditionalMen PEERMen White/Asian | 3.34 (0.14) 3.69 (0.07) | 3.5 (0.14) 3.77 (0.08) | 3.55 (0.16) 4.14 (0.06) | \3.08 (0.16)3.43 (0.12) | 4.28 (0.19) 4.83 (0.12) | 3.02 (0.15) 3.35 (0.09) | |
| ATET propensity score matching | Coeff.SEzSig. | −0.030.16−0.160.8 | −0.20.13−1.540.12 | −0.040.15−0.310.76 | 0.0020.190.010.99 | −0.160.2−0.770.43 | −0.050.18−0.290.77 |
| Women PEERAre there differences in the research experiences of excluded because of ethnicity or race (PEER) and White/Asian female students in the SEA-PHAGES program? | |||||||
| SEA-PHAGESWomen PEERWomen White/Asian | 4.07 (0.08) 4.18 (0.07) | 4.02 (0.1) 4.12 (0.08) | 4.27 (0.06) 4.33 (0.07) | 4.06 (0.08) 4.19 (0.07) | 5.08 (0.1) 5.24 (0.09) | 3.79 (0.11) 3.95 (0.09) | |
| ATET propensity score matching | Coeff.SEzSig. | −0.0070.12−0.060.95 | 0.080.140.610.54 | −0.040.1−0.340.73 | 0.040.120.330.74 | 0.060.140.460.65 | 0.020.160.150.88 |
| Are there differences in the research experiences of excluded because of ethnicity or race (PEER) female students in the SEA-PHAGES program and the traditional laboratory? | |||||||
| PEER WomenSEA-PHAGESTraditional lab | 4.07 (0.08) 3.57 (0.11) | 4.02 (0.1) 3.66 (0.12) | 4.27 (0.06) 3.79 (0.12) | 4.06 (0.08) 3.31 (0.14) | 5.08 (0.1) 4.54 (0.16) | 3.79 (0.11) 3.2 (0.12) | |
| ATET propensity score matching | Coeff.SEzSig. | −0.470.16−2.920.003* | −0.370.18−2.060.04 | −0.510.16−3.10.002* | −0.630.2−3.140.002* | −0.450.22−2.050.04 | −0.340.22−1.60.11 |
| Are there differences in the research experiences of persons excluded because of ethnicity or race (PEERs) and White/Asian female students in the traditional laboratory? | |||||||
| TraditionalWomen PEERWomen White/Asian | 3.62 (1.0) 3.73 (0.99) | 3.87 (1.07) 3.79 (1.02) | 3.94 (1.04) 4.07 (0.87) | 3.28 (1.49) 3.46 (1.34) | 4.75 (1.41) 4.94 (1.22) | 3.24 (1.1) 3.36 (1.09) | |
| ATET propensity score matching | Coeff.SEzSig. | 0.080.250.310.76 | 0.080.230.360.72 | 0.240.250.950.34 | 0.0020.320.010.99 | 0.130.320.420.68 | 0.120.240.510.61 |
| GenderAre there differences in the research experiences of male and female students in the SEA-PHAGES program? | |||||||
| SEA-PHAGESMenWomen | 3.83 (0.1) 4.09 (0.08) | 3.8 (0.1) 4.08 (0.08) | 3.94 (0.1) 4.35 (0.06) | 3.66 (0.12) 4.19 (0.08) | 4.74 (0.16) 5.24 (0.08) | 3.39 (0.11) 3.97 (0.09) | |
| ATET propensity score matching | Coeff.SEzSig. | 0.250.141.810.07 | 0.270.151.840.06 | 0.310.122.540.01* | 0.570.173.30.001* | 0.280.21.40.16 | 0.60.193.060.002* |
| Are there differences in the research experiences of male and female students in the traditional laboratory course? | |||||||
| TraditionalMenWomen | 3.26 (0.14) 3.46 (0.12) | 3.42 (0.15) 3.46 (0.13) | 3.61 (0.15) 3.77 (0.13) | 3.15 (0.16) 3.27 (0.14) | 4.27 (0.19) 4.68 (0.16) | 2.92 (0.15) 3.18 (0.13) | |
| ATET propensity score matching | Coeff.SEzSig. | −0.2300.15−1.5600.1 | −0.390.15−2.540.01* | −0.290.18−1.60.1 | −0.280.21.360.17 | 0.150.290.490.62 | 0.220.240.880.38 |
*Significant at 0.05 level following a Holm-Bonferroni correction.