Table 2.
Univariate linear regression analyses of clinical factors correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure among the 167 AS patients.
| Clinical factors | Systolic blood pressure | Diastolic blood pressure | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Regression coefficient (95% CI) | Standard coefficient (β) | P value | Regression coefficient (95% CI) | Standard coefficient (β) | P value | |
| Age (yr) (n = 167) | 0.209 (0.041–0.377) | 0.100 | .015* | −0.0299 (−0.172 to 0.112) | −0.032 | .677 |
| Male gender (n = 167) | 10.545 (5.272–15.817) | 0.294 | <.001* | 8.791 (4.416–13.166) | 0.295 | <.001* |
| Onset age (y/o) (n = 159) | 0.0738 (−0.106 to 0.254) | 0.064 | .420 | −0.0291 (−0.159 to 0.153) | −0.033 | .971 |
| Disease duration (yr) (n = 159) | 0.139 (−0.045 to 0.322) | 0.118 | .138 | −0.0558 (−0.215 to 0.103) | −0.055 | .489 |
| ESR (mm/h) (n = 165) | 0.113 (−0.037 to 0.263) | 0.116 | .137 | 0.0706 (−0.053 to 0.195) | 0.088 | .263 |
| CRP (mg/dL) (n = 166) | 2.350 (0.369–4.332) | 0.180 | .020* | 1.245 (−0.408 to 2.897) | 0.115 | .139 |
| BASDAI (n = 163) | −1.044 (−2.320 to 0.232) | −0.126 | .108 | −0.636 (−1.690 to 0.418) | −0.093 | .235 |
| ASDAS-ESR (n = 161) | −1.398 (−3.989 to 1.192) | −0.084 | .228 | −0.367 (−2.495 to 1.761) | −0.027 | .734 |
| ASDAS-CRP (n = 162) | −0.386 (−2.695 to 1.924) | −0.026 | .742 | 0.713 (−1.175 to 2.601) | 0.059 | .457 |
| BASFI (n = 165) | 0.995 (−0.447 to 2.467) | 0.104 | .184 | 0.875 (−0.348 to 2.098) | 0.110 | .159 |
| BAS-G (n = 167) | −0.721 (−1.519 to 0.078) | −0.137 | .077 | −0.0076 (−0.677 to 0.622) | −0.002 | .982 |
| BASMI (n = 153) | 0.737 (−0.434 to 1.909) | 0.101 | .215 | 1.260 (0.291–2.229) | 0.205 | .011* |
| Tragus-to-wall distance (cm) (n = 166) | 0.108 (−0.256 to 0.472) | 0.046 | .558 | 0.302 (0.003–0.602) | 0.154 | .048* |
| Modified Schober index (cm) (n = 166) | −0.199 (−1.156 to 0.759) | −0.032 | .683 | −0.399 (−1.191 to 0.394) | −0.077 | .322 |
| Intermalleolar distance (cm) (n = 167) | 0.0441 (−0.034 to 0.122) | 0.087 | .266 | 0.0087 (−0.086 to 0.103) | 0.014 | .855 |
| Cervical rotation (degree) (n = 156) | 0.0460 (−0.125 to 0.003) | −0.092 | .253 | −0.0887 (−0.154 to −0.024) | −0.212 | .008* |
| Lateral lumbar flexion (cm) (n = 167) | −0.281 (−0.596 to 0.034) | −0.136 | .080 | −0.345 (−0.603 to −0.087) | −0.201 | .009* |
| Fingertip-to-floor distance (cm) (n = 167) | 0.120 (−0.031 to 0.271) | 0.121 | .119 | 0.0665 (−0.059 to 0.192) | 0.081 | .298 |
| Chest expansion (cm) (n = 167) | −0.573 (−1.602 to 0.456) | −0.085 | .273 | −1.115 (−1.955 to −0.275) | −0.200 | .010* |
| Occiput-to-wall distance (cm) (n = 167) | 0.138 (−0.221 to 0.498) | 0.059 | .448 | 0.394 (0.101–0.686) | 0.202 | .009* |
| BASRI-Total (n = 156) | 0.843 (0.010–1.677) | 0.159 | .047* | 0.925 (0.218–1.632) | 0.204 | .001* |
| m-SASSS (n = 156) | 0.201 (0.083–0.318) | 0.263 | .001* | 0.146 (0.045–0.247) | 0.224 | .005* |
| Uveitis (n = 167) | −1.609 (−6.431 to 3.212) | −0.051 | .511 | −0.310 (−4.317 to 3.697) | −0.012 | .879 |
| TNF-α blocker use (n = 167) | 9.434 (2.585–16.283) | 0.207 | .007* | 3.395 (−2.393 to 9.182) | 0.090 | .248 |
| Regular NSAIDs use (n = 166) | 0.419 (−4.047 to 4.884) | 0.014 | .853 | 2.477 (−1.228 to 6.182) | 0.103 | .189 |
| NSAIDs use (n = 166) | 1.040 (−4.665 to 6.745) | 0.028 | .719 | 2.629 (−2.114 to 7.372) | 0.085 | .275 |
| Regular DMARDs use (n = 166) | 1.976 (−2.348 to 6.300) | 0.070 | .368 | 1.675 (−1.931 to 5.280) | 0.071 | .360 |
| DMARDs use (n = 166) | 5.395 (0.805–9.985) | 0.178 | .022* | 3.767 (−0.061 to 7.595) | 0.150 | .054 |
| Regular exercise (n = 167) | 1.023 (−3.393 to 5.439) | 0.036 | .648 | −1.423 (−5.084 to 2.238) | −0.060 | .444 |
| Current smoker (n = 164) | 4.849 (−0.155 to 9.944) | 0.149 | .057 | 3.896 (−0.301 to 8.093) | 0.143 | .069 |
| Ever smoker (n = 164) | 4.182 (−0.204 to 8.568) | 0.146 | .062 | 3.937 (0.306–7.567) | 0.166 | .034* |
| Diabetes mellitus (n = 167) | 4.636 (−4.087 to 13.360) | 0.081 | .296 | 0.923 (−6.340 to 8.187) | 0.020 | .802 |
| Hypercholesterolemia (n = 167) | 1.909 (−7.237 to 11.054) | 0.032 | .681 | 1.343 (−6.250 to 8.935) | 0.027 | .727 |
| Waist circumference (WC) (cm) (n = 165) | 0.385 (0.214–0.556) | 0.329 | <.001* | 0.294 (0.151–0.437) | 0.303 | <.001* |
| Body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) (n = 166) | 0.981 (0.519–1.443) | 0.311 | <.001* | 0.797 (0.412–1.182) | 0.304 | <.001* |
| Waist to height ratio (WtHR) (n = 164) | 65.886 (37.732–94.039) | 0.341 | <.001* | 47.054 (23.286–70.822) | 0.294 | <.001* |
Listwise deletion for missing data.
AS = ankylosing spondylitis, ASDAS-CRP = Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score with CRP, ASDAS-ESR = Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score with ESR, BASDAI = Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, BASFI = Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index, BAS-G = Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Patient Global Score, BASMI = Bath Anklyosing Spondylitis Metrology Index, BASRI = Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiology Index, m-SASSS = modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score.
*
Statistical significances.