Table 1.
Participants' baseline demographics (N = 227).
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | |
| Age (years) | 49 ± 13 |
| Sex, male | 39 (17.2%) |
| Height (cm) | 163.5 ± 6.8 |
| Weight (kg) | 65.0 ± 11.0 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.2 ± 3.5 |
|
| |
| ASA physical status | |
| 1 | 48 (21.1%) |
| 2 | 158 (69.6%) |
| 3 | 21 (9.3%) |
| 4 | 0 (0.0%) |
|
| |
| Anesthesia/surgery details | |
| Type of surgery | |
| General surgery | 61 (26.9%) |
| Thoracic surgery | 17 (7.5%) |
| Orthopedics surgery | 7 (3.1%) |
| Urology | 16 (7.0%) |
| Neurosurgery | 1 (0.4%) |
| Gynecology | 119 (52.4%) |
| ENT surgery | 5 (2.2%) |
| Ophthalmology | 1 (0.4%) |
|
| |
| Magnitude of surgerya | |
| Minor | 0 (0.0%) |
| Intermediate | 8 (3.5%) |
| Major | 80 (35.2%) |
| Major-plus | 139 (61.2%) |
|
| |
| Invasiveness of surgery | |
| Minimally invasive surgeryb | 99 (43.6%) |
| Open surgery | 128 (56.4%) |
|
| |
| Mode of anesthesia | |
| General anesthesia | 227 (100.0%) |
| Duration of anesthesiac (min, N = 220) | 140.5 (108.5–190.0) |
| Duration of surgeryd (min, N = 220) | 107.0 (68.0–149.8) |
| Blood loss (mL) | 50 (0–100) |
Data are presented as n/N (% of nonmissing data), mean ± SD, or median (IQR). ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI, body mass index; ENT, ear, nose, and throat; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation. a Magnitude of surgery is categorized as minor surgery (i.e., superficial surgery); intermediate surgery (e.g., excision of varicose vein of leg, laparoscopy, and tonsillectomy); major surgery (e.g., total hysterectomy, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, thyroidectomy, and segmental hepatectomy); and major-plus surgery (e.g., total knee arthroplasty, lung operation, colonic resection, neurosurgery, and cardiac surgery). b Minimally invasive surgery includes laparoscopic surgery, video-assisted thoracic surgery, and others. c Duration of anesthesia is the time from induction to discontinuation of anesthetics. d Duration of surgery is the time from incision to closure.