Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2022 Aug 27;31(10):106744. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106744

Table 4.

Crude and Adjusted Hazard Ratios (95% CI) for Myocardial Infarction, Based on the Global Cognitive Impairment and Domain-specific Cognitive Impairment as Predictors.

Cognitive domain Model 11 Model 22 Model 33 Model 44
HR (95% CI) p value HR (95% CI) p value HR (95% CI) p value HR (95% CI) p value
Global impairment (n=453) 1.13 (0.68, 1.86) 0.64 0.91 (0.54, 1.54) 0.72 0.90 (0.53, 1.52) 0.69 0.91 (0.53, 1.55) 0.73
Attention impairment (n=678) 1.53 (1.02, 2.29) 0.04 1.38 (0.91, 2.09) 0.13 1.32 (0.87, 2.01) 0.19 1.38 (0.91, 2.10) 0.13
Language impairment (n=781) 1.10 (0.73, 1.67) 0.64 0.99 (0.64, 1.53) 0.95 0.97 (0.63, 1.50) 0.90 0.99 (0.64, 1.54) 0.96
Memory impairment (n=708) 1.04 (0.68, 1.61) 0.85 0.85 (0.54, 1.33) 0.46 0.81 (0.51, 1.27) 0.35 0.81 (0.51, 1.28) 0.36
Orientation impairment (n=703) 1.05 (0.68, 1.63) 0.82 0.98 (0.63, 1.52) 0.92 0.97 (0.63, 1.51) 0.91 0.96 (0.62, 1.51) 0.87
Visuospatial impairment (n=716) 1.10 (0.72, 1.69) 0.66 1.04 (0.67, 1.61) 0.87 1.00 (0.64, 1.55) 1.00 0.99 (0.64, 1.55) 0.97

Abbreviations: 3MS, Modified Mini-Mental State Examination; Q1, first quartile (<25th percentile); HR, hazard ratio; CI, 95% confidence interval.

1 –

Unadjusted model; main predictor only.

2 –

Adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, years of education, treatment arm (pioglitazone vs. placebo).

3 –

Adjusted for model 2 + stroke history, hypertension history, hyperlipidemia history, myocardial infarction history, HOMA-IR index, smoking status, weekly alcohol use.

4 –

Adjusted for model 3 + stroke etiology (TOAST criteria), baseline NIHSS, baseline modified Rankin score.