TABLE 2.
Patient demographics and pre-transplant characteristics
| Rejection (n = 17) | Non-rejection (n = 17) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex, n (%) | 13 (77) | 9 (53) | .28 |
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| |||
| Race, n (%) | |||
| White | 9 (53) | 9 (53) | 1.00 |
| AA | 8 (47) | 7 (41) | |
| Multiracial | 0 | 1 (6) | |
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| |||
| Ethnicity, n (%) Hispanic | 1 (6) | 1 (6) | 1.00 |
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| Known genetic syndrome, n (%) | 3 (18) | 0 (0) | .23 |
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| Significant comorbidities, n (%) | 5 (29) | 3 (18) | .69 |
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| History of CHD, n (%) | 10 (59) | 10 (59) | .64 |
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| |||
| History of blood transfusions, n (%) | 14 (82) | 14 (82) | 1.00 |
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| |||
| PRA, n (%) | |||
| 0–10% | 3 (18) | 8 (47) | .12 |
| 10–50% | 6 (35) | 5 (29) | |
| >50% | 8 (47) | 4 (24) | |
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| |||
| Blood type, n (%) | |||
| A | 6 (35) | 6 (35) | .12 |
| B | 7 (41) | 2 (12) | |
| O | 4 (24) | 9 (53) | |
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| |||
| Alive at time of study, n (%) | 12 (71) | 17 (100) | .02a |
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| Listed ABOi, n (%) | 1 (6) | 3 (18) | .58 |
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| Cross match results, n (%) | |||
| Positive | 1 (5) | 0 | .23 |
| Weakly positive | 5 (30) | 2 (12) | |
| Negative | 11 (65) | 15 (88) | |
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| |||
| Inotropic support at TOT, n (%) | 14 (82) | 15 (88) | .33 |
| Milrinone | 13 (77) | 13 (77) | |
| Dopamine | 1 (6) | 1 (6) | 1.00 |
| 2 or more inotropes | 0 | 1 (6) | |
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| |||
| Dialysis at TOT, n (%) | 0 | 1 (7) | .48 |
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| Mechanically ventilated at TOT | 1 (6) | 2 (12) | .50 |
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| Pre-operative mechanical support, n (%) | 8 (47) | 9 (53) | .50 |
| LVAD/RVAD | 6 (35) | 7 (41) | |
| ECMO | 0 | 0 | 1.00 |
| BIVAD | 1 (6) | 0 | |
| ECMO to VAD | 1 (6) | 2 (12) | |
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| Received thymoglobulin at TOT, n (%) | 11 (64) | 7 (41) | .15 |
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| Total no of biopsiesb from TOT to 1/2021 | 12 (11, 15) | 10 (9, 12) | .01a |
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| Age at TOT, (years) | 12.5 (2.1, 17.4) | 1.3 (0.6, 5.7) | .01a |
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| Time on wait list, (days) | 107 (59, 300) | 129 (79, 269) | .61 |
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| |||
| Total ischemic time, (min) | 256 (219, 299) | 265 (227, 288) | .76 |
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| No of days until TAC initiation | 2 (2, 4) | 2 (2, 3) | .59 |
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| |||
| No of days until two consecutive therapeutic levels of tacrolimus | 10 (8, 19) | 8 (4, 10) | .02a |
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| |||
| Total no of blood products at the time of transplant, (units) | 10 (6, 18) | 6 (5, 8) | .03a |
| No of PRBC | 2 (2, 6) | 2 (1, 3) | .13 |
| No of platelets | 4 (2, 5) | 2 (1, 3) | .03a |
| No of cryoprecipitate | 2 (1, 3) | 1 (1, 2) | .07 |
| No of fresh frozen plasma | 2 (1, 7) | 1 (0, 2) | .06 |
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| |||
| Months between paired echoes | 2.7 (1.2, 5.7) | 3.8 (3.1, 5.7) | .12 |
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| |||
| Months from transplant at time of biopsy | 4.2 (0.6, 9.3) | 7.5 (6.2, 9.2) | .03a |
Abbreviations: AA, African American; ABOi, ABO incompatible; BIVAD, biventricular assist device; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; LVAD, left ventricular assist device; PRA, panel reactive antibodies; PRBC, packed red blood cells; RVAD, right ventricular; TOT, time of transplant; VAD, ventricular assist device.
a
Denotes statistical significance.
b
Continuous variables reported as medians (interquartile ranges).