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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pharmacol Ther. 2022 Mar 26;238:108177. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108177

Table 3:

Anti-cancer activity of capsaicin sustained release drugs

Name of drug Type of sustained release formulation Targeting ligand Drug cargo Growth inhibitory activity in vitro Is the in vitro growth inhibitory activity greater than free capsaicin Anti-tumor activity in vivo Is the in vivo growth inhibitory activity greater than free capsaicin Mechanism of growth- inhibitory activity Signaling mechanisms
CAP-UREA-SDDDS Solid State dispersion system None Capsaicin MCF-7
MDA-MB-231
Yes, in MCF-7 cells ND ND ND ND
CAP-SOY-PL Phospholipid complexes None Capsaicin MCF-7
MDA-MB-231
Yes, in MDA-MB231 cells ND ND ND ND
CAP-CUR-GLY-GAL-LIPO Liposome GLY, GAL Capsaicin, Curcumin HepG2. HepG2/LX2 co-cultured cells Yes
  • H22 tumor bearing Balb/c mice

  • H22/LX2 tumor bearing Balb/c mice

  • H22 orthotopic Balb/c mice

  • Lung colonization mice model

Yes
  • Increase of apoptosis

  • Inhibition of angiogenesis

  • Inhibition of HSC activation

  • Inhibition of EMT, migration and metastasis

  • Decrease of P-gp in HepG2/LX2 cells

  • Decrease of ECM deposition and remodeling.

  • Downregulation of alpha-smooth muscle actin, CD31

  • Increase in E-cadherin levels, decrease in Vimentin expression