Table 1.

Characteristics of GVRO respondents, firearm owners and the state population

	GVRO respondents (2016–2018, n=201)*	Firearm owners 18+ (CSaWS 2018, n=429)†	California population 18+ (2016–2018 average)‡
Age, med (25th–75th pctl)	39 (28–52)	57 (45–67)	45 (31–60)
Minors, n (%)	6 (3.0)	NA	NA
Gender, n (%)
Male	188 (93.5)	301 (72.9; 66.8–78.3)	14 930 504 (49.3)
Female	13 (6.5)	128 (27.1; 21.7–33.2)	15 363 490 (50.7)
Race/ethnicity, n (%)
White	123 (61.2)	318 (64.1; 56.3–71.2)	12 347 188 (40.8)
Hispanic	35 (17.4)	71 (20.4; 14.6–27.8)	10 653 363 (35.2)
Black	20 (10.0)	16 (4.4; 2.0–9.3)	1 753 342 (5.8)
Asian American	10 (5.0)	NA	4 650 828 (15.4)
Other/unknown	12 (6.0)	24 (11.1; 6.8–17.7)	889 274 (2.9)
Urbanicity, n (%)§
Metro, large	151 (75.1)	297 (67.5; 60.2–74.0)	28 470 430 (76.4)
Metro, medium	40 (19.9)	87 (24.9; 18.8–32.3)	6 759 323 (18.1)
Metro, small	3 (1.5)	16 (2.7; 1.5–4.6)	1 178 974 (3.2)
Non-metro	7 (3.5)	28 (4.9; 3.0–8.0)	845 229 (2.3)
Military service, n (%)
Active duty	5 (2.5)	2 (0.5; 0.1–1.8)	127 777 (0.4)
Veteran	19 (9.5)	143 (29.2; 23.4–35.8)	1 618 861 (5.4)

*One respondent was missing age and one was missing race/ethnicity. 177 records (88.1%) did not mention military service, which could indicate lack of service or a lack of reporting.

†California Safety and Wellbeing Survey (CSaWS) percentages and 95% CIs are weighted to be representative of the non-institutionalised adult population of California. Minors are excluded from CSaWS and Asian American race is included in ‘other’. One participant was missing county.

‡Age, gender and race/ethnicity estimates were obtained from the United States Census’ State Population by Characteristics: 2010–2019 data. Military service and veteran information was obtained from the American Community Survey 2018 5 year estimates.

§Urbanicity was measured at the county level with the 2013 Rural–Urban Continuum Codes. All non-metropolitan codes were collapsed into a single non-metro category.

GVRO, gun violence restraining order.