TABLE 2.

Summary of studies using single active ingredient.

Intervention type	Intervention	Study design	Cell line	Combined anticancer drugs	Outcomes	References
Compound	Alpha-tomatine	in vitro & in vivo	PC3	paclitaxel	Cell viability, tumor volume	Lee et al. (2013)
Compound	Platycodin D	in vitro	DU145	docetaxel	Cell proliferation	Jin et al. (2021)
Compound	Retigeric acid B	in vitro	PC3, DU145	Cisplatin, doxorubicin, docetaxel, vincristine	Cell viability	Liu et al. (2018)
Compound	Quercetin	in vitro & in vivo	PC3	paclitaxel	Cell viability, tumor volume	Zhang et al. (2020)
Compound	Tricin	in vitro	PC3	docetaxel	Cell viability	Ghasemi et al. (2019)
Compound	Myricetin	in vitro & in vivo	C4-2B	enzalutamide	Cell viability, tumor volume	Liu et al. (2022)
Compound	Triptolide	in vitro & in vivo	C4-2R, 22Rv1	enzalutamide	Cell viability, tumor volume, tumor weight	Han et al. (2017)
Compound	Sulforaphane	in vitro	22Rv1	enzalutamide	Cell viability	Khurana et al. (2017)
Compound	Resveratrol	in vitro	DU145, LNCaP	SAHA	Apoptosis	Kai et al. (2010)
Compound	Pterostilbene	in vitro & in vivo	LNCaP, PC3	SAHA	Cell viability, tumor growth	Butt et al. (2017)
Compound	Capsaicin	in vitro & in vivo	LNCaP, PC3	docetaxel	Cell viability, tumor volume, tumor weight	Sánchez et al. (2019)
Compound	Ginsenoside	in vitro & in vivo	LNCaP, PC3	docetaxel, gemcitabine	Tumor weight	Wang et al. (2008)
Compound	Honokiol	in vitro & in vivo	C4-2	docetaxel	Cell viability, tumor areas	Shigemura et al. (2007)

SAHA, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid.