FIGURE 1.

Experimental design applied to hens. Hens (32 weeks old; n = 75) were dietary exposed to GBH (Glyphosate-Based Herbicide, corresponding to a dose of 47 mg glyphosate/kg body weight/day, group named GBH) for 42 days straight, then they received a normal diet (not exposed to GBH, same diet, group named ex GBH) for the 28 following days. Their respective controls (CT, n = 75 and Ex-CT, n = 66) received a normal diet for the whole time. During these 70 days, hens were regularly weighed and ultrascanned to determine fat thickness, their feeding behavior was assayed by counting pecks at the diet and their blood was sampled for glyphosate, AMPA, lipids, uric acid and oxidative stress assays. Nine and twelve animals of both groups were euthanized at D42 and D70, respectively, for tissue sampling.