TABLE 3.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants in the Spanish registry of European Alpha-1 Research Collaboration with different pulmonary diseases
| Variables | Emphysema | Bronchiectasis | Asthma |
| Subjects (n) | 163 | 83 | 55 |
| Age (years) | 61.2±11.7 | 62.5±11.5 | 45.8±16.4 |
| Sex, male | 96 (58.9) | 41 (49.4) | 24 (43.6) |
| BMI (kg·m−2) | 26.7±5.1 | 26.8±4.4 | 26.4±5.3 |
| Smokers | 11 (6.7) | 4 (4.8) | 6 (10.9) |
| Ex-smokers | 129 (79.1) | 52 (62.7) | 25 (45.5) |
| Never-smokers | 23 (14.1) | 27 (32.5) | 24 (43.6) |
| Tobacco exposure (pack-years) | 29.4±22.5 | 25.5±22 | 18.7±19 |
| COPD | 128 (78.5) | 53 (63.9) | 14 (25.5) |
| Emphysema | 163 (100) | 53 (63.9) | 13 (23.6) |
| Bronchiectasis | 53 (32.5) | 83 (100) | 8 (14.5) |
| Asthma | 13 (8) | 8 (9.6) | 55 (100) |
| Liver disease | 18 (11.2) | 8 (9.6) | 5 (9.1) |
| Age at onset of symptoms (years) | 48.7±15.4 | 48.7±14.9 | 31.4±17.3 |
| Age at diagnosis of AATD (years) | 51.7±14.1 | 52.9±12.9 | 38.8±19 |
| Index case | 139 (85.3) | 75 (90.4) | 41 (74.5) |
| Family screening | 21 (12.9) | 8 (9.6) | 10 (18.2) |
| Charlson index (age corrected) | 3.9±1.7 | 3.9±1.6 | 2.3±2.1 |
| Cardiovascular comorbidity # | 58 (36.7) | 28 (34.1) | 9 (17) |
| FVC % pred | 94.3±27.7 | 90.7±25.5 | 101±4 |
| FEV1 % pred | 59.6±27.5 | 67.7±28.7 | 86.3±27.9 |
| FEV1/FVC % pred | 49±15 | 58±16 | 69±17 |
| KCO % pred | 60.9±19.9 | 70.4±21.7 | 81.8±20.9 |
| Augmentation therapy | 95 (59.7) | 38 (47.5) | 8 (16) |
| AAT (mg·dL−1) | 38.2±26.9 | 37.4±22.3 | 45.8±21.9 |
| Number of exacerbations previous year | 0.7±1.2 | 0.7±1.3 | 0.5±1.2 |
| History of pneumonia | 34 (21) | 27 (32.5) | 12 (23.1) |
| CAT | 11.5 (7.7) | 11 (7.8) | 7 (6.4) |
| BODEx | 2.3 (2) | 1.7 (2) | 1 (1.5) |
Data presented as mean±sd or n (%), unless otherwise indicated. The different subgroups are not mutually exclusive. BMI: body mass index; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; AATD: α1-antitrypsin deficiency; FVC: forced vital capacity; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; KCO: transfer coefficient of the lung for carbon monoxide; AAT: α1-antitrypsin; CAT: COPD Assessment Test; BODEx: BMI, Obstruction, Dyspnoea, Exacerbations index. #: cardiovascular disease includes hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, congestive heart failure and peripheral vascular disease.