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. 2022 Sep 22;10(9):e004902. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2022-004902

Table 2.

Past and ongoing clinical trials with their respective molecular targets and imaging agents used for the nuclear-based and MRI-based imaging of T cell-based immunotherapy and related immune components

Molecular target Imaging
Agent		 Labeling approach Imaging modality ClinicalTrial.gov identification Status Ref.
IL-2 (18F)FB-IL-2 Direct PET NCT02922283 Terminated, no correlation 37
IL-2 99mTc-HYNIC-IL-2 Direct PET NCT01789827 Completed 91
CD8 89Zr-Df-IAB22M2C Direct PET NCT03802123,
NCT03107663 		Active (not recruiting),
Completed		 39
CD8 89Zr-ZED88082A Direct PET NCT04029181 Recruiting 92
CD8 89Zr-DFO-REGN5054 Direct PET NCT05259709 Not yet recruiting 40
Granzyme B 68Ga-NOTA-hGZP Direct PET NCT04169321 Recruiting 41
dGK (18F)F-AraG Direct PET NCT03142204,
NCT03007719,
NCT03129061 		Recruiting,
Terminated,
Recruiting		 93
dCK (18F)CFA,(18F)FAC Direct PET NCT03409419 Completed 46 94
PD-1 89Zr-Pembrolizumab Direct PET NCT02760225 Completed 49
PD-1 89Zr-Nivolumab Direct PET 2015-004760-11 Active 36
PD-L1 18F-BMS-986192 Direct PET NCT03843515, NCT03520634 Active (not recruiting), Completed 51
PD-L1 89Zr-Durvalumab Direct PET NCT03829007,
NCT03610061 		Completed,
Recruiting		 36
PD-L1 89Zr-MEDI4736 Direct PET NCT03853187 Recruiting 36
PD-L1 89Zr-Avelumab Direct PET NCT03514719 Completed 36
PD-L1 89Zr-Atezolizumab,
89Zr-MDPL-3280A		 Direct PET NCT03850028,
NCT02453984,
NCT02478099 		Recruiting,
Active (not recruiting),
Recruiting		 36
PD-L1 89Zr- DFO-REGN3504 Direct PET NCT03746704 Recruiting 36
CTLA-4 89Zr-Ipilimumab Direct PET NCT03313323 Recruiting 36
CTLA-4 (18F)FLT Direct PET NCT00471887 Completed 54
LAG-3 89Zr-DFO-REGN3767, Direct PET NCT04706715,
NCT04566978 		Recruiting, Recruiting 36 56
LAG-3 89Zr-BI 754111 Direct PET NCT03780725 Terminated 95
TIM-3 (18F)CFA Direct PET NCT03409419 Completed 96
HSV1-tk/GRm13Z40 CAR-T (18F)FHBG Indirect PET NCT00730613,
NCT01082926 		Completed 31
HSV1-tk/P28z
CAR-T		 (18F)FIAU Indirect PET NCT01140373 Active, not recruiting 97
HSV1-tk/CD34
T cells		 (18F)FHBG Indirect PET NCT00871702 Completed 98
DC (18F)FLT Direct MRI NCT00243529 Completed,
Completed		 62
DC SPIO/111In-oxine Direct MRI NCT00243594 Completed 63

BI, Boehringer Ingelheim; BMS, Bristol-Myers Squibb; DC, dendritic cell; dCK, Deoxycytidine kinase; Df or DFO, Deferoxamine; dGK, Deoxyguanosine; [18F]CFA, [18F]Clorafabine; [18F]FAC, 1-(2’-deoxy-2’-18F-fluoroarabino-furanosyl) cytosine; [18F]F-AraG, 2’- deoxy-2’-18F-fluoro-9β-D-arabinofuranosy-guanine; [18F]FB-IL-2, N-(4-18F-fluorobenzoyl_interleukin-2; [18F]FHBG, 9-(4-(18)F-Fluoro-3[hydroxymethyl]butyl)guanine; [18F]FIAU, 2’-deoxy-2’-[18F]-fluoro-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-5- iodouracil; 68Ga-NOTA-hGZP, 68Gallium-1,4,7- Triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid-human biotin-βAla-GGG-IEPD-CHO; GRm13Z40, Interleukin-13 zetakine Receptor Alpha 2-targeted CAR; PET, positron emission tomography; P28z, PSMA-targeted CD28z CAR; SPIO, superparamagnetic iron oxide.