Fig. 1.

Lipid peroxidation restrains colorectal liver colonization. A-C Relative GSH/GSSG ratio (A), GSH level (B), and GSSG level (C) in paired primary tumors (PTs) and liver metastases (LMs) from CRLM patients. D Relative MDA levels in paired PTs and LMs from CRLM patients. E Schematic diagram of orthotopic CRLM mouse model establishment and subsequent sample arrangement. F–H Relative GSH/GSSG ratio (F), GSH level (G), and GSSG level (H) in paired PTs and LMs from the orthotopic CRLM mouse model. I Relative MDA levels in paired PTs and LMs from the orthotopic CRLM mouse model. J Representative bright field images, HE staining of LMs (scale bar, 1 mm), quantification of PT size and LM number derived from orthotopic CRLM mouse models treated with liproxstatin-1 or vehicle. K Schematic diagram of splenic injection CRC liver colonization mouse model establishment. L Representative bright field images, HE staining (scale bar, 5 mm), and average tumor area derived from the CRC liver colonization mouse model treated with liproxstatin-1 or vehicle. Significance was calculated by two-tailed ratio t test (A-D, F-I, right of J and L). p value < 0.001 (***), p value < 0.01 (**), p value < 0.05 (*), ns (not significant)