Table 3.

Central Themes and Subthemes Related to the Nurses’ Experiences Regarding IV Fluid Infusion Nursing Practice

Central Theme	Subtheme	Content
Human factors	Individuals	Nurses’ distress with infusion problems
		Patients’ physical/mental conditions
		Proportion of infusion nursing tasks in the routine workflow
	Team players	Providing peer backup
		Inter-professional communication
		Engaging with patients and caregivers
Systems	Institutional policy	Lack of nursing training and standardized guidance
		High patient-to-nurse ratios
	Culture	Blame culture
		Efforts to reduce medication administration errors
	Equipment	Need for reliable infusion equipment
		Need for advanced monitoring equipment for patients in isolation rooms