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. 2022 Sep 12;13:995412. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.995412

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Copyright © 2022 Li, Humphries, Girardin, Wallace, Ejemel, Amcheslavsky, McMahon, Schiller, Ma, Cruz, Dupuis, Payne, Maryam, Yilmaz, McDonough, Pierce, Schiffer, Kruse, Klempner, Cavacini, Fitzgerald and Wang

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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P. pastoris produced VHH-IgA1.1 exhibits potent activity against SARS-CoV-2. (A) Comparison of Expi293 cells and P. pastoris produced VHH-IgA1.1 binding to SARS-CoV-2 RBD in ELISA. (B) Comparison of Expi293 cells and P. pastoris produced VHH-IgA1.1 mediated in vitro neutralization of luciferase-encoding pseudovirions with full length spike proteins presented in SARS-CoV-2 WA1/2020 strain. (C) Dose-Response Curve generated from PRNT of P. pastoris produced VHH-IgA1.1 against authentic SARS-CoV-2 on Vero E6 cells. (D) Data was plotted as the average ± SD, and IC₅₀ values were calculated by nonlinear regression analysis. Three or more independent biological replicates were completed for each antibody.