Foraging |
Increases locomotor activity and hyperactivity (59) |
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Increased endurance (60) |
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Increases Impulsivity (61) |
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Decrease anxiety in stressful situations (62) |
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Decrease Recent Memory (hippocampal)(63) |
Fat Accumulation |
Increases Fat in the Liver (57, 64) |
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Hypertriglyceridemia (65) |
Impaired Glucose Tolerance |
Stimulates Insulin Resistance (66) |
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Stimulates Gluconeogenesis (48) |
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Reduces Insulin Secretion (67) |
Raises Blood Pressure |
Reduces nitric oxide (21) |
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Stimulates renal and local RAS |
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Stimulates aldosterone (68) |
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Stimulates endothelin (69) |
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Stimulates oxidative stress (17) |
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Stimulates COX-2 associated thromboxane (70) |
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Increases Renal Sodium Reabsorption (71) |
Inflammation |
Systemic Inflammatory Markers (72) |
|
Inflammasome activation (73) |
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Alterations in Microbiome/Leaky Gut (74) |