TABLE 1.

Case 1

For the past 2 years you have cared for a 62‐year‐old non‐English speaking woman with decompensated HCV cirrhosis. She is usually accompanied by her daughter who provides interpretation during these appointments, but today she presents to clinic alone.

She just completed her routine surveillance imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma, which showed new ascites, multiple large liver lesions, new portal vein thrombus, and a newly‐elevated AFP to 7500.

You share these results with the patient with the assistance of a medical interpreter.

At the end of your clinic, you receive a call from her daughter who is angry that this new diagnosis was shared with her mother, who is now very distressed.

She tells you on the phone “from now on, all information about my mother's medical care should go through me first.”