FIGURE 4.

Comprehensive lab animal monitoring system (CLAMS) analysis and liver assessment on Baat ^−/− mice fed WD. (A–D) Oxygen consumption (VO₂) (A), respiratory exchange ratio (RER) (B), food intake (C), and ambulatory activity (D) were measured using CLAMS. Average values of dark or night cycle from each group are presented with ±SEM for VO₂ and RER. All measurements were from 23–24‐week‐old mice on CD (n = 7 and 9) or WD (n = 5 and 7). (E) Triglycerides (TG), cholesterol, and total lipid were measured from livers of mice fed CD or WD. Their average values are presented with ±SEM. (F) Liver (Lv)–to–body weight (BW) ratios from each group. (G) Steatosis scores were blindly evaluated by a pathologist (Dr. Novak) from hematoxylin and eosin–stained liver sections. The x‐axis represents the number of liver sections obtained from WT and Baat ^−/− mice, and y‐axis represents steatosis percentages (n = 5 per each group). (H) Plasma TG and plasma cholesterol levels were quantified in the experimental animals and are plotted as means ± SEM. (I) Expression of hepatic genes in lipid and cholesterol synthesis was quantified using quantitative PCR analysis. Relative expression to WTCD was is as means ± SEM (n = 13–15; Student's t test; *between genotypes; #between CD and WD). Fsp27a, fat‐specific protein 27a; Hmgcr, 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐glutaryl‐coenzyme A reductase; Mttp, mitochondria triglyceride transport protein gene; Pparg, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma; Srebp, sterol regulatory element binding protein.