Table 1.

Comparison of global living biomass (above- plus belowground) carbon stocks and associated fluxes (positive for uptake and negative for release) from this study compared to a range of other recent studies

			Living biomass carbon stocks and fluxes (AGB + BGB)
	Dataset	Period	Stocks (PgC)	Flux type	Net flux (PgC yr-1)	IAV of net flux
This study*	transient woody biomass carbona,e	2000–2019	399 ± 2	ELUC,B + SLAND,B	−0.6 ± 0.0	2.4 ± 0.0
	fixed woody biomass carbona	2000–2019	382 ± 2	ELUC,B	−2.0 ± 0.0	0.3 ± 0.0
Hansis et al.5a		2000–2019	506	ELUC,B	−1.2	0.3
Xu et al.16•a,e		2000–2019	381 ± 2	ELUC,B + SLAND,B	0.3	6.1
TRENDY v8 #	S3a,e (transient environmental conditions)	2000–2018	368 ± 204	ELUC,B + SLAND,B	0.4 ± 0.6	2.2 ± 2.9
	S5a (fixed environmental conditions)	2000–2018	434 ± 237	ELUC,B	−0.8 ± 0.6	0.7 ± 0.2
Liu et al.53 $a,e		1998–2002	362	-
Tagesson et al.22 $a,e		1993–2012	353	ELUC,B + SLAND,B	-
Erb et al.23 (Compilation of datasets)a,e		multiple	407-476	-
Spawn et al.24a,e		2010	409	-

Interannual variability (IAV) is calculated as the ratio of the standard deviation (SD) to the mean. Note that the IAV estimates presented in ref. 16 are calculated as the standard deviation and therefore differ from our estimates. Error estimates are given as the mean of eight TRENDY DGVMs ± 1 SD (#) resp. as the mean from two threshold approaches (see Methods) ±an error of 0.5% propagated from ref. 16 to our woody vegetation carbon estimates (*). Note that for estimates that only consider aboveground biomass, roughly 20–60% needed to be added to account for belowground biomass carbon¹⁶. Note that, to avoid errors from the rounding of numbers in the table, percentage values in the main text were calculated from unrounded numbers.

$ Estimate only includes aboveground biomass carbon.

• Estimate only includes woody biomass carbon.

^e Estimate includes environmental influences.

^a Estimate includes anthropogenic influences.